Figure 2.
Effect of hANP, Brain Natriuretic Peptide (hBNP), and C‐type Natriuretic Peptide (hCNP) on established biofilm of P. aeruginosa. a) 3D shadow representations of 24 h preformed P. aeruginosa PA14 biofilm structures exposed to various concentration of hANP (100 × 10−9 to 0.01 × 10−9 m) for 2 h at 37 °C compared to untreated biofilms (control condition). b) COMSTAT image analyses of biofilms structures of P. aeruginosa PA14 control or exposed for 2 h to hANP (100 × 10−9, 10 × 10−9, 1 × 10−9, 0.1 × 10−9, 0.01 × 10−9, or 0.001 × 10−9 m), at 37 °C. Data are the result of the analysis of 30 views from eight independent biological experiments (hANP 100 × 10−9 m), 127 measurements from 40 independent experiments (n = 40) (hANP 10 × 10−9 m), 28 measurements from nine independent experiments (n = 9) (hANP 1 × 10−9 m), 27 measurement from eight independent experiments (n = 8) (hANP 0.1 × 10−9 m), 13 measurement from four independent experiments (n = 4) (hANP 0.01 × 10−9 m), and 13 measurement from four independent experiments (n = 4) (hANP 0.001 × 10−9 m). c) 3D shadow representations of 24 h preformed P. aeruginosa PA14 biofilm structures untreated (control condition) or exposed to hBNP (10 × 10−9 m) or hCNP (10 × 10−9 m) for 2 h at 37 °C. d) COMSTAT image analyses of biofilms structures of P. aeruginosa PA14 control or exposed to hBNP (10 × 10−9 m) or hCNP (10 × 10−9 m) for 2 h at 37 °C. Data are the result of the analysis of at least 11 views from at least three independent biological experiments (n = 3). All biofilms were stained with the SYTO9 and observed by CLSM. Statistics were achieved by ordinary one‐way ANOVA followed by Dunnett's multiple‐comparison test. Values that are significantly different are indicated by asterisks as follows: ***, p < 0.001; ****, p < 0.0001.