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. 2022 Feb 18;13:817844. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.817844

FIGURE 5.

FIGURE 5

Extracellular vesicle functions during infection by the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. During infection P. falciparum EVs may trigger host inflammatory responses or manipulate gene expression to reduce host barriers to infection. P. falciparum EVs may also mediate communication among parasite cells to regulate transmission stage production or even transfer antibiotic resistance.