TABLE 3.
Associations between EAT-Lancet index components (14 food groups) and all-cause mortality in 22,424 participants from the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study stratified according to their score1
| EAT-Lancet index component points | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | P trend2 | |
| Whole grains (n) | <58 g (11,034) | 58–116 g (7282) | 116–232 g (3521) | >232 g (584) | |
| Model 33 | 1 | 0.91 (0.86–0.96) | 0.92 (0.86–0.99) | 0.81 (0.70–0.95) | <0.001 |
| Potatoes (n) | >200 g (2671) | 100–200 g (10,032) | 50–100 g (7069) | <50 g (2649) | |
| Model 33 | 1 | 0.92 (0.86–0.99) | 0.91 (0.83–0.98) | 0.90 (0.81–1.00) | 0.05 |
| Vegetables (n) | <100 g (5824) | 100–200 g (10,456) | 200–300 g (4403) | >300 g (1738) | |
| Model 33 | 1 | 0.90 (0.86–0.95) | 0.85 (0.79–0.91) | 0.76 (0.68–0.85) | <0.001 |
| Fruits (n) | <50 g (1942) | 50-100 g (3275) | 100-200 g (8273) | >200 g (8931) | |
| Model 33 | 1 | 0.87 (0.79–0.96) | 0.85 (0.78–0.93) | 0.80 (0.73–0.88) | <0.001 |
| Dairy (n) | >1000 g (3760) | 500–1000 g (12,158) | 250–500 g (5297) | <250 g (1206) | |
| Model 33 | 1 | 0.93 (0.87–1.00) | 0.94 (0.86–1.02) | 1.04 (0.92–1.17) | 0.98 |
| Beef and lamb (n) | >28 g (14,951) | 14–28 g (4827) | 7–14 g (1539) | <7 g (1104) | |
| Model 33 | 1 | 0.96 (0.90–1.02) | 0.95 (0.87–1.05) | 0.92 (0.82–1.04) | 0.06 |
| Pork (n) | >28 g (18,513) | 14–28 g (2557) | 7–14 g (679) | <7 g (672) | |
| Model 33 | 1 | 0.99 (0.91–1.07) | 0.93 (0.81–1.08) | 0.91 (0.78–1.07) | 0.78 |
| Poultry (n) | >116 g (89) | 58–116 g (988) | 29–58 g (4073) | <29 g (17,271) | |
| Model 33 | 1 | 0.75 (0.50–1.11) | 0.80 (0.55–1.18) | 0.80 (0.55–1.17) | 0.63 |
| Eggs (n) | >50 g (1882) | 25–50 g (6338) | 13–25 g (6571) | <13 g (7630) | |
| Model 33 | 1 | 0.92 (0.84–1.00) | 0.86 (0.79–0.94) | 0.90 (0.82–0.98) | 0.03 |
| Fish (n) | <7 g (2425) | 7–14 g (1379) | 14–28 g (3871) | >28 g (14,746) | |
| Model 33 | 1 | 1.05 (0.92–1.19) | 1.02 (0.92–1.12) | 0.97 (0.89–1.05) | 0.14 |
| Legumes (n) | <18.75 g (20,311) | 18.75–37.5 g (1805) | 37.5–75 g (283) | >75 g (22) | |
| Model 33 | 1 | 1.02 (0.94–1.11) | 1.24 (1.03–1.49) | 1.30 (0.65–2.60) | 0.06 |
| Nuts (n) | <12.5 g (21,745) | 12.5–25 g (487) | 25–50 g (162) | >50 g (27) | |
| Model 33 | 1 | 0.96 (0.81–1.14) | 0.90 (0.67–1.21) | 0.85 (0.40–1.78) | 0.36 |
| Unsaturated oils (n) | <10 g (4922) | 10–20 g (4343) | 20–40 g (6938) | >50 g (6218) | |
| Model 33 | 1 | 0.99 (0.92–1.07) | 0.94 (0.88–1.00) | 0.98 (0.91–1.05) | 0.28 |
| Added sugar (n) | >124 g (880) | 62–124 g (6971) | 31–62 g (10,047) | <31 g (4523) | |
| Model 33 | 1 | 0.90 (0.80–1.02) | 0.91 (0.80–1.03) | 0.97 (0.84–1.12) | 0.32 |
1
Values are given as HRs and 95% CIs within parentheses, with the respective 0-point group as the reference group. n indicates the number of participants per index group. Multivariate proportional hazards were used to examine the associations.
2
P trends were calculated across index categories.
3
Adjusted for age, sex, dietary assessment version, season, energy intake, physical activity, smoking, alcohol use, education, and BMI.