. 2022 Mar 4;2022(3):CD013739. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD013739.pub2

2. Summary of characteristics of included studies.

Study (design)	Country	Participant age (mean ± SD)	Setting	Intervention type (dose)	Comparator	All‐cause mortality	Necessity for additional respiratory support	Follow‐up time (mean days)	Total participants allocated	Intervention group participants (anticoagulant)
Albani 2020 (Prospective cohort)	Italy	68.66 ± 12.62 (experimental), 70.6 ± 15.01 (comparator)	Hospital^a	Enoxaparin (40‐80 mg once daily, duration 3‐9 days)	NA	In‐hospital mortality: aOR 0.53 (95% CI 0.10 to 0.70), in favour of intervention group	NR	Until death or hospital discharge (time in days NR)	1403	799
Lemos 2020 (RCT)	Brazil	55 ± 10 (experimental), 58 ± 16 (comparator)	Hospital^a	Therapeutic anticoagulation: heparin (SC enoxaparin, adjusted dose by age and CrCl (maximum dose allowed 140 mg twice daily)	Prophylactic anticoagulation: SC UFH 5000 IU three times/day (if weight < 120 kg) and 7500 IU 3 times/day (if weight > 120 kg) or enoxaparin 40 mg once daily (if weight < 120 kg) and 40 mg twice daily (if weight > 120 kg) according to the doctor's judgment	RR 0.33 (95% CI 0.04 to 2.69)	NR	28	20	10
Lopes 2021 (RCT)	Brazil	56.7 ± 14.1 (experimental), 56.5 ± 14.5 (comparator)	Hospital^a	Therapeutic anticoagulation: stable participants = rivaroxaban 20 mg once daily; unstable participants = enoxaparin 1 mg/kg twice daily. Followed by rivaroxaban for 30 days, irrespective of the duration of hospitalisation	Prophylactic anticoagulation: enoxaparin 40 mg once daily	RR 1.49 (95% CI 0.90 to 2.46)	RR 0.16 (95% CI 0.02 to 1.35)	30	615	310
Rentsch 2020 (Prospective cohort)	USA	67.03 ± 12.31 (experimental), 67.83 ± 13.74 (comparator)	Hospital^a	SC UFH (5000 IU twice daily or 3 times/day (1094 participants; 30.2%) LMWH (enoxaparin 40 mg once or twice daily (2506 participants; 69.1%), fondaparinux 2.5 mg once daily (4 participants; 0.1%), dalteparin 2500‐5000 IU once daily, all SC) DOACs (apixaban 2.5 mg twice daily (21 participants; 0.6%), rivaroxaban 10 mg once daily or 2.5 mg twice daily (2 participants; 0.1%), dabigatran 220 mg once daily, all orally)	NA	Inpatient mortality: aHR 0.69 (95% CI 0.61 to 0.77) 30‐day mortality: aHR 0.73 (95% CI 0.66 to 0.81)	NR	30	4297	3627
Sadeghipour 2021 (RCT)	Iran	61.23 ± 14.68 (experimental), 59.66 ± 17.88 (comparator)	Hospital^a	Higher‐dose anticoagulation: enoxaparin 1 mg/kg once daily, modified according to body weight and CrCl	Lower‐dose anticoagulation: enoxaparin 40 mg once daily, modified according to body weight and CrCl	Short‐term time point: RR 1.05 (95% CI 0.87 to 1.28) Long‐term time point: RR 1.07 (95% CI 0.89 to 1.29)	Short‐term time point: no events in both groups Long‐term time point: no events in both groups	90	562	276
Santoro 2020 (Prospective cohort)	Spain, Italy, Ecuador, Cuba, Germany, China, Canada, Serbia, USA, Chile, and Colombia	66 ± 15 (experimental), 63 ± 27 (comparator)	Hospital^a	Anticoagulant (oral, SC, or IV): 327 (12%) participants = previous anticoagulation treatment 1888 (72%) participants = prophylactic (lower‐dose) during hospitalisation 341 (13%) participants = therapeutic (higher‐dose) LMWH 23 (0.75%) oral anticoagulation with VKA 23 (0.75%) DOACs	NA	RR 0.91 (95% CI 0.89 to 0.93), in all participants (N = 3089) RR 0.58 (95% CI 0.49 to 0.67), in those non‐anticoagulated before admission (N = 2695) RR 0.50 (95% CI 0.37 to 0.70), in those undergoing invasive ventilation (N = 391) RR 0.72 (95% CI 0.51 to 1.01), in those undergoing non‐invasive ventilation (N = 583)	NR	15	5838	2601
Zarychanski 2021 (RCT)	UK, USA, Canada, Brazil, Ireland, Netherlands, Australia, Nepal, Saudi Arabia, and Mexico	Critically ill: 60.2 ± 13.1 (experimental), 61.6 ± 12.5 (comparator) Moderate‐severity illness: 59.0 ± 14.1 (experimental), 58.8 ± 13.9 (comparator)	Hospital^a	Therapeutic anticoagulation: LMWH or UFH according to local protocols used for the treatment of acute VTE for up to 14 days or until recovery (defined as hospital discharge, or liberation from supplemental oxygen for ≥ 24 h)	Prophylactic anticoagulation: LMWH or UFH according to local practice or with guidance from the trial protocol on maximum dosing, which included either standard low‐dose thromboprophylaxis or enhanced intermediate dose thromboprophylaxis	Short‐term time point: moderate‐severity RR 0.89 (95% CI 0.67 to 1.19), critically ill RR 1.03 (95% CI 0.88 to 1.21) Long‐term time point: NR	Short‐term time point: moderate‐severity RR 0.89 (95% CI 0.74 to 1.08), critically ill: NR Long‐term time point: NR	90	3450	1780
Total	Australia: 1 Brazil: 3 Canada: 2 Chile: 1 China: 1 Colombia: 1 Cuba: 1 Ecuador: 1 Germany: 1 Iran: 1 Ireland: 1 Italy: 2 Mexico: 1 Nepal: 1 Netherlands: 1 Saudi Arabia: 1 Serbia:1 Spain: 1 UK: 1 USA: 3	55 to 68.66 (mean, 7 studies)	‐	‐	‐	7 studies considered mortality	4 studies considered additional respiratory support	15 to 90 (7 studies)	16,185	9403
aHR: adjusted hazard ratio; aOR: adjusted odds ratio; twice daily: twice a day; CI: confidence interval; CrCl: creatinine clearance; DOACs: direct oral anticoagulants; GFR: glomerular filtration rate;HR: hazard ratio; ICU: intensive care units; IU: international unit;LMWH: low‐molecular‐weight heparin; NA: no anticoagulation; NR: not reported; NRS: non‐randomised study;OR: odds ratio; RCT: randomised controlled trial; RR: risk ratio; SC: subcutaneous; SD: standard deviation; SIC: sepsis‐induced coagulopathy; TID: three times a day; UFH: unfractionated heparin; VKA: vitamin K antagonist

^aHospital: includes intensive care unit, hospital wards or emergency department. ^bAnticoagulation used twice daily if glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was > 30 mL/min, or once daily if GFR was 30 mL/min or less.