Table 2.
Association between baseline demographic and clinical characteristics and willingness to participate
| Baseline characteristics | Willing (N = 30, 71%), N (%) or mean ± SD | Not willing (N = 12, 29%), N (%) or mean ± SD | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 46.6 ± 14.9 | 50.1 ± 13.8 | 0.53 |
| Education (years) | 17.7 ± 2.42 | 16.2 ± 3.71 | 0.22 |
| Sex (male) | 6 (20) | 0 (0) | 0.09 |
| Visible minority | 11 (37) | 3 (25) | 0.47 |
| Previous research experience | 11 (37) | 4 (33) | 0.84 |
| Previous surgery | 20 (67) | 11 (92) | 0.10 |
| Use of regular pain medications | 9 (30) | 3 (25) | 0.75 |
| Concerns with the surgery | 14 (47) | 7 (58) | 0.49 |
| Previous education on pain management | 22 (73) | 9 (75) | 0.91 |
| Significant pain in the past 3 months | 8 (27) | 4 (33) | 0.67 |
| Significant use of pain medication in the past month | 6 (20) | 4 (33) | 0.36 |