Table 2.
Univariate and multivariable analysis of clinical predictors for any complications including and excluding pleural effusions. Clinical predictors for the multivariable analysis were selected based on patient characteristics and presenting vital signs with p < 0.1 in Table 1, and also included BMI and sex.
| Univariate predictors (Any complication) |
Multivariable analysis (Any complication) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odds ratio (95% CI) | p-Value | Odds ratio (95% CI) | p-Value | |
| Age | 1.02 (1.01–1.03) | <0.0001 | 1.00 (0.99–1.02) | 0.49 |
| BMI | 1.01 (0.98–1.03) | 0.50 | 1.01 (0.98–1.04) | 0.59 |
| Male sex | 1.27 (0.91–1.77) | 0.15 | 1.29 (0.89–1.88) | 0.18 |
| Smoking | 0.83 (0.63–1.08) | 0.17 | 0.97 (0.70–1.35) | 0.86 |
| Hypertension | 2.20 (1.57–3.08) | <0.0001 | 1.66 (1.11–2.47) | 0.01 |
| CAD | 1.91 (1.33–2.74) | 0.0004 | 1.36 (0.86–2.17) | 0.19 |
| HF | 2.27 (1.47–3.51) | 0.0002 | 2.20 (1.22–3.96) | 0.01 |
| DBP | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | 0.08 | 0.999(0.99–1.01) | 0.83 |
| RR | 1.06 (1.03–1.09) | <0.0001 | 1.04 (1.01–1.07) | 0.002 |
| Initial CXR score | ||||
| 1 vs 0 | 1.58 (0.072–3.45) | 0.25 | 1.12 (0.48–2.60) | 0.80 |
| 2 vs 0 | 2.25 (1.17–4.31) | 0.02 | 1.66 (0.84–3.30) | 0.15 |
| 3 vs 0 | 2.29 (1.16–4.53) | 0.02 | 1.86 (0.91–3.81) | 0.09 |
| 4 vs 0 | 2.77 (1.57–4.89) | 0.0004 | 1.78 (0.97–3.26) | 0.06 |
| 5 vs 0 | 3.72 (1.89–7.32) | 0.0001 | 2.78 (1.35–5.73) | 0.006 |
| 6 vs 0 | 5.00 (2.69–9.30) | <0.0001 | 2.94 (1.51–5.74) | 0.002 |
| Univariate predictors (Pleural effusions excluded) |
Multivariable analysis (Pleural effusions excluded) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odds ratio (95% CI) | p-Value | Odds ratio (95% CI) | p-Value | |
| Age | 1.01 (0.99–1.02) | 0.45 | 0.99 (0.97–1.01) | 0.14 |
| BMI | 1.01 (0.97–1.04) | 0.67 | 1.00 (0.96–1.04) | 0.82 |
| Male sex | 1.45 (0.87–2.40) | 0.15 | 1.21 (0.70–2.08) | 0.49 |
| Smoking | 0.75 (0.51–1.09) | 0.13 | 0.73 (0.47–1.13) | 0.15 |
| Hypertension | 1.89 (1.15–3.13) | 0.01 | 2.09(1.16–3.75) | 0.01 |
| CAD | 1.38 (0.80–2.37) | 0.25 | 1.34 (0.70–2.58) | 0.38 |
| HF | 0.95 (0.43–2.09) | 0.90 | 0.998 (0.98–1.02) | 0.60 |
| DBP | 1.00 (0.97–1.02) | 0.82 | 1.00 (0.98–1.02) | 0.74 |
| RR | 1.05 (1.01–1.09) | 0.007 | 1.04 (0.997–1.08) | 0.07 |
| Initial CXR score | ||||
| 1 vs 0 | 1.64 (0.51–5.33) | 0.41 | 1.37 (0.41–4.51) | 0.61 |
| 2 vs 0 | 1.04 (0.32–3.33) | 0.96 | 0.82 (0.25–2.68) | 0.41 |
| 3 vs 0 | 2,66 (0.98–7.19) | 0.05 | 2.25 (0.81–6.21) | 0.12 |
| 4 vs 0 | 1.85 (0.75–4.55) | 0.18 | 1.42 (0.56–3.58) | 0.46 |
| 5 vs 0 | 6.96 (2.78–17.4) | <0.0001 | 6.12 (2.35–15.9) | 0.0002 |
| 6 vs 0 | 3.68 (1.44–9.42) | 0.007 | 2.47 (0.93–6.59) | 0.04 |
Abbreviations: BMI, Body Mass Index; CAD, Coronary Artery Disease; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; RR, respiratory rate; CXR, chest x-ray.