Table 3.
Factors associated with RSV bronchiolitis severity
| Variable | Severe disease (N = 831) | Less severe disease (N = 396) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N (%) | OR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Residential SES | ||||
| Low SES (1–4) | 406 (48.9) | 208 (52.9) | 0.85 (0.67–1.08) | 0.2 |
| High SES (5–10) | 424 (51.1) | 185 (47.1) | Reference | |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 494 (59.4) | 211 (53.3) | 1.28 (1.01–1.64) | 0.04 |
| Female | 337 (40.6) | 185 (46.7) | Reference | |
| Age, months | df = 2 | <0.001 | ||
| 0–5 | 501 (60.3) | 285 (72.0) | 0.46 (0.30–0.71) | <0.001 |
| 6–11 | 216 (26.0) | 81 (20.5) | 0.70 (0.44–1.13) | 0.1 |
| 12–23 | 114 (13.7) | 30 (7.5) | Reference | |
| Gestational age at birth (weeks) | ||||
| ≤36 | 91 (14.4) | 37 (12.9) | 0.88 (0.59–1.33) | 0.5 |
| >36 | 543 (85.6) | 250 (87.1) | Reference | |
| Chronic medical conditionsa | 90 (10.8) | 28 (7.1) | 1.60 (1.03–2.48) | 0.04 |
| Chest X-ray | ||||
| Pneumonia | 527 (63.4) | 162 (41.1) | 2.48 (1.94–3.17) | <0.001 |
| No pneumoniab | 304 (36.6) | 232 (58.9) | Reference | |
| History of stay in neonatal intensive care at birtha | 56 (9.2) | 19 (5.5) | 1.73 (1.01–2.97) | 0.04 |
| History of respiratory disordersa | 25 (10.2) | 2 (3.6) | 3.01 (0.69–13.11) | 0.1 |
| Congenital malformationsa | 28 (3.4) | 11 (2.8) | 1.22 (0.60–2.48) | 0.6 |
| Treatment with inhalations during hospitalisationa | 714 (86.1) | 320 (81.2) | 1.44 (1.04–1.98) | 0.03 |
| Treatment with inhalations before hospitalisationa | 302 (37.8) | 114 (29.2) | 1.47 (1.14–1.91) | 0.003 |
| Oxygen therapya | 382 (47.7) | 74 (19.1) | 3.86 (2.89–5.15) | <0.001 |
| Steroid therapy during hospitalisationa | 222 (27.4) | 35 (9.0) | 3.80 (2.60–5.56) | <0.001 |
| Steroid therapy before hospitalisationa | 156 (19.5) | 65 (16.5) | 1.23 (0.89–1.69) | 0.2 |
| Vapotherm therapya | 38 (6.5) | 7 (2.1) | 3.30 (1.46–7.47) | 0.003 |
CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; RSV, respiratory syncytial virus; SES, socio-economic status.
a
Reference category = not having the condition.
b
No pneumonia by chest X-ray or by clinical judgment (i.e. chest X-ray was not ordered).