Table 2.
Summarised results of included studies
| Indicators | No. of studies | Sample size | Effect size (95%CI) | Model | Heterogeneity (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I2 | P | |||||
| Clinical features | ||||||
| Persistent chest pain | 10 | 1517 | 2.07 (1.00–4.27) | Random | 82.5 | <0.001 |
| Chest distress | 2 | 240 | 1.62 (0.92–2.82) | Fixed | 0.0 | 1.000 |
| Haemoptysis | 8 | 1379 | 0.92 (0.44–1.91) | Random | 86.5 | <0.001 |
| Fever | 8 | 1056 | 0.78 (0.47–1.31) | Random | 69.8 | 0.002 |
| Emaciation | 7 | 954 | 1.69 (0.93–3.06) | Random | 72.1 | 0.001 |
| Shortness of breath | 2 | 240 | 1.22 (0.74–2.03) | Fixed | 0.0 | 1.000 |
| Cervical lymphadenectasis | 4 | 538 | 1.02 (0.71–1.46) | Fixed | 0.0 | 0.657 |
| Irritable cough | 11 | 1695 | 2.43 (1.43–4.11) | Random | 81.7 | <0.001 |
| Nigh sweating | 7 | 970 | 0.56 (0.36–0.87) | Random | 51.4 | 0.054 |
| Dyspnoea | 3 | 406 | 3.58 (1.01–12.72) | Random | 62.2 | 0.071 |
| Bloody sputum | 5 | 596 | 1.46 (1.02–2.10) | Fixed | 0.0 | 0.697 |
| Haemorrhagic pleural effusion | 5 | 921 | 5.73 (1.63–20.12) | Random | 84.6 | <0.001 |
| Radiologic features | ||||||
| Calcified shadow | 7 | 982 | 1.93 (0.51–7.25) | Random | 91.9 | <0.001 |
| Mass shadow | 5 | 1015 | 7.26 (0.86–61.03) | Random | 96.8 | <0.001 |
| Lobulation sign | 7 | 902 | 7.67 (3.49–16.84) | Random | 79.2 | <0.001 |
| Mass | 3 | 264 | 11.94 (5.74–24.84) | Fixed | 30.6 | 0.236 |
| Nodular shadow | 5 | 586 | 4.92 (2.79–8.66) | Fixed | 14.5 | 0.322 |
| Satellite lesion | 4 | 408 | 9.29 (2.86–30.18) | Random | 75.1 | 0.007 |
| Small vacuole sign | 2 | 168 | 5.07 (1.31–19.66) | Random | 59.0 | 0.118 |
| Vacuole sign | 3 | 414 | 7.86 (3.40–18.16) | Fixed | 0.0 | 0.984 |
| Spicule sign | 9 | 1180 | 6.66 (4.85–9.16) | Fixed | 0.0 | 0.825 |
| Pleural indentation | 5 | 568 | 3.18 (2.14–4.73) | Fixed | 0.0 | 0.561 |
| Cord-like shadow | 5 | 598 | 0.21 (0.13–0.33) | Fixed | 0.0 | 0.954 |
| Cavitary lesions | 12 | 1767 | 0.30 (0.23–0.38) | Fixed | 0.0 | 0.981 |