Table 2.
Age of Speciation Rate Shifts Predicted from 15 Phylogenomic Timetrees.
| Group | Species Count | Root Age (Ma) | TreePar Shift (Ma) | TESS Shift (Ma) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Suboscine birds | 1,939 | 44.7 | 4.47 | 7.77 |
| Butterflies | 994 | 108.7 | 36.32 | 53.73 |
| Fishes | 305 | 441.0 | 99.67 | 99.47 |
| Bees | 185 | 242.1 | 80.85 | 134.57 |
| Spiders | 168 | 470.1 | 131.65 | 263.11 |
| Frogs | 164 | 427.0 | 165.68 | 145.80 |
| Fishes | 118 | 139.6 | 61.69 | 79.39 |
| Catfishes | 66 | 141.3 | 98.06 | 101.32 |
| Placentals | 45 | 262.8 | 97.23 | 133.45 |
| Sloths | 40 | 64.9 | 27.50 | 37.90 |
| Spiders | 34 | 181.7 | 44.33 | 32.01 |
| Grasses | 30 | 54.1 | 24.89 | 29.42 |
| Ants | 25 | 46.5 | 13.86 | 33.46 |
| Pines | 16 | 718.9 | 188.36 | 335.76 |
| Cucumbers | 11 | 103.1 | 34.44 | 31.66 |
Note.—Age of shift times are from the maximum likelihood analysis in TreePar (Stadler 2011) and Bayesian analysis in TESS (Höhna et al. 2016). The ages represent discreet times at which a persistent upward rate shift toward the present was observed. TESS rate shift is approximate because results are reported as a distribution of shift times.
Ma, million years ago.