Table 7.
Recent relevant research of exosomes for respiratory therapy.
| Materials | Disease | Drug | Fabrication method | Efficacy tests | Cytotoxicity tests | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medical Research Council cell strain-9 (MRC9)/human non-small cell lung carcinoma cell line (H1299) derived exosomes | NSCLC | Doxorubicin-conjugated gold nanoparticles | Differential centrifugation/passive loading | In vitro mitochondrial perturbation assay (H1299, A549 cells) | Trypan blue exclusion assay, cell viability 58.8% (H1299 cells), cell viability 46.6% (A549 cells), cell viability 59.3% (MRC9 cells) | [168] |
| tLyp-1-lamp2b plasmids transfected HEK293T cells derived exosomes | NSCLC | Cy3-siRNA | Differential centrifugation/electroporation loading | In vitro transfection efficiency test (A549 cells) | Non reported | [169] |
| Milk from pasture-fed Holstein and Jersey cows derived exosomes | NSCLC | Celastrol | Differential centrifugation/passive loading | In vivo tumor growth inhibition assay (female athymic nude (nu/nu) mice) | MTT assay, IC50 0.9 μM (A549 cells), IC50 0.6 μM (H1299 cells) | [180] |
| Adipose-derived stem cells derived exosomes | Oxidative stress caused by PM2.5 exposure | Nrf2 overexpressed exosomes | Differential centrifugation | In vivo PM2.5 exposure test (Sprague-Dawley rats) | Non reported | [181] |
| Ginger/grapefruit derived exosomes | SARS-CoV-2 | miRNA | Polymeric precipitation | In silico | Non reported | [170] |
Abbreviations in table: HEK293T = immortalized human embryonic kidney cells, PM2.5 = fine particulate matter 2.5 or less microns, IC50 = half maximal inhibitory concentration, Cy3-siRNA = Cy™3 dye–labeled synthetic small interfering RNA, Nrf2 = nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2, MTT = 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, H1299 = non-small human lung carcinoma cells, A549 = adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial cells, MRC9 = Medical Research Council cell strain-9.