Table 3.

Hemodynamic, central pressures, and arterial blood gases at rest, during submaximal exercise, and peak exercise

	Controls	HFpEF
Rest
HR, beats/min	75 ± 11	75 ± 20
Qc, L/min		5.9 ± 1.3
SV, mL/beat		81.8 ± 18.1
Mean PAP, mmHg		15.7 ± 4.8
PCWP, mmHg		6.1 ± 2.2
PVR		1.8 ± 0.7
$\text{P}{\text{a}}_{\text{O}}{}_{{}_2}$, mmHg	99.2 ± 8.6	83.0 ± 5.9**
$\text{P}{\text{a}}_{\text{C}\text{O}}{}_{{}_2}$, mmHg	36.2 ± 4.2	40.7 ± 3.8**
HbO2, %	96 ± 1	94 ± 2**
Lactate, mmol/L	0.8 ± 0.3	1.2 ± 0.6*
pH	7.43 ± 0.02	7.42 ± 0.02
HCO3, mmol/L		26.5 ± 3.2
Base excess, mmol/L		2.1 ± 3.4
Submaximal exercise
HR, beats/min	109 ± 18	95 ± 17*
Qc, L/min		9.7 ± 2.2
SV, mL/beat		104.4 ± 22.4
Mean PAP, mmHg		35.2 ± 7.1
PCWP, mmHg		21.5 ± 6.8
PVR		1.5 ± 0.5
$\text{P}{\text{a}}_{\text{O}}{}_{{}_2}$, mmHg	99.4 ± 9.1	85.3 ± 11.2**
$\text{P}{\text{a}}_{\text{C}\text{O}}{}_{{}_2}$, mmHg	36.5 ± 4.1	40.6 ± 4.1*
HbO2, %	97 ± 1	95 ± 2**
Lactate, mmol/L	1.5 ± 0.7	2.1 ± 0.8
pH	7.42 ± 0.02	7.41 ± 0.01
HCO3, mmol/L		25.7 ± 2.7
Base excess, mmol/L		1.1 ± 2.8
Peak exercise
HR, beats/min	157 ± 9	124 ± 18**
Qc, L/min		11.4 ± 3.4
SV, mL/beat		91.4 ± 21.7
Mean PAP, mmHg		44.7 ± 8.8
PCWP, mmHg		33.3 ± 7.4
PVR		1.0 ± 0.5
$\text{P}{\text{a}}_{\text{O}}{}_{{}_2}$, mmHg	108.5 ± 8.1	89.9 ± 13.9**
$\text{P}{\text{a}}_{\text{C}\text{O}}{}_{{}_2}$, mmHg	31.6 ± 2.5	38.5 ± 4.7**
HbO2, %	97 ± 1	95 ± 3**
Lactate, mmol/L	6.5 ± 1.7	6.5 ± 2.4
pH	7.39 ± 0.08	7.39 ± 0.02
HCO3, mmol/L		23.4 ± 2.9
Base excess, mmol/L		−1.4 ± 3.1

Data are means ± SD. HbO₂, hemoglobin O₂ saturation; HCO₃, bicarbonate; HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; HR, heart rate; Qc, cardiac output; SV, stroke volume; $\text{P}{\text{a}}_{\text{C}\text{O}}{}_{{}_2}$, partial pressure of arterial CO₂; $\text{P}{\text{a}}_{\text{O}}{}_{{}_2}$, partial pressure of arterial O₂; PAP, pulmonary artery pressure; PCWP, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure; PVR, pulmonary vascular resistance. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01.