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. 2021 Jun 30;12(2):511–531. doi: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.06.014

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Examples of compounds that enhances mitophagy. Urolithin A and UMI-77 have been shown to improve cognition and decrease pathology in the APP/PS1 model of AD. Urolithin A increases mitophagy by increasing PINK1 and Parkin and improves bioenergetics in cells and worms. UMI-77 enhances MCL-1 and LC3 interaction on mitochondria, and show benefits in attenuating cognitive deficits and pathology in APP/PS1 mice. The impact of other mitophagy enhancement compounds on AD phenotypes is unclear. Compound 3 enables MIRO1 removal and decreases Parkinson's disease-related phenotypes. LRRK2 kinase inhibitors potentially decrease RAB10 phosphorylation, enable OPTN–RAB10 interaction on mitochondria, and restore mitophagy defects caused by LRRK2 mutation. FT385, ST-539, and BC1464 target Parkin-related mitophagy mechanisms, and while their targets are known, their effects on bioenergetics or AD phenotypes are unclear.