Table 4.
Medicines not on the WHO EML with ESMO expert review
| Kazakhstan medicines | Kazakhstan tumour setting | ESMO expert review |
|---|---|---|
| Bortezomib | No protocola | Use in multiple myeloma |
| Brentuximab | No protocola | Use to treat relapsed or refractory Hodgkin’s lymphoma and systemic anaplastic large-cell lymphoma |
| Cyproterone | Prostate | Old medicine for prostate cancer. Do not use |
| Darbepoetin alfa | No protocola | Supportive care medication |
| Decitabine | No protocola | Use for myelodysplastic syndromes |
| Degarelix | Prostate | Monthly LHRH antagonist for prostate cancer |
| Epirubicin | Multiple (breast, oesophageal, gastric, uterine) | ESMO-MCBS score A. Use perioperative epirubicin, cisplatin, 5-FU, gastric or distal oesophagus stage II-III setting |
| Flutamide | Prostate | Old androgen blocker. No longer in wide use |
| Fotemustine | Melanoma | Old medicine for melanoma. Do not use |
| Goserelin | Prostate | LHRH agonist use for prostate cancer |
| Lenalidomide | No protocola | Use for multiple myeloma |
| Lenograstim | Multiple | G-CSF as supportive care |
| Mifamurtide | Sarcoma | Mifamurtide for adjuvant treatment of high-grade, non-metastasizing, resectable osteosarcoma following complete surgical removal in children, adolescents and young adults, aged 2-30 years |
| Nilutamide | Prostate | Anti-androgen not recommended because of severe adverse effects |
| Octreotide | GI neuroendocrine | Use for low-grade neuroendocrine tumours |
| Pegaspargase | Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia | PEGylation L-asparaginase used in paediatric acute lymphoblastic leukaemia |
| Temozolomide | Multiple (central nervous system) tumour, lung (SCLC), melanoma, Uterine) | Temozolomide is mainly used for high-grade brain tumours. Now has minimal use in melanoma. Not recommended in lung cancer |
| The BCG | Bladder | BCG important treatment for superficial non-invasive transitional cell carcinoma bladder |
5-FU, 5-fluorouracil; EML, Essential Medicines List; G-CSF, granulocyte-colony stimulating factor; GI, gastrointestinal; LHRH, luteinising hormone-releasing hormone; SCLC, small-cell lung cancer.
a
Medicines not registered for use in Kazakhstan at the time of the ESMO review. After the ESMO expert review, the medicines have been included in the Kazakhstan treatment protocols.