Table 2.
Significantly Upregulated Cytokines in HFpEF
| Cytokines | Healthy Subjects | HFpEF | q Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| FGF-23 | 2.48 (2.36-2.64) | 3.56 (3.27-4.61) | <0.0001 |
| CCL-20 | 5.31 (4.95-5.87) | 6.36 (6.12-7.51) | <0.0001 |
| IL-6 | 2.80 (2.19-3.23) | 3.94 (3.62-4.60) | <0.0001 |
| CXCL-10 | 9.08 (8.68-9.67) | 10.37 (9.91-10.69) | <0.0001 |
| FGF-5 | 0.21 (0.19-0.35) | 0.45 (0.39-0.54) | 0.0001 |
| DNER | 9.01 (8.81-9.06) | 8.65 (8.43-8.80) | 0.0001 |
| VEGFA | 9.51 (9.31-9.66) | 9.95 (9.72-10.38) | 0.0001 |
| IL-17C | 0.62 (0.56-0.86) | 1.04 (0.94-1.48) | 0.0003 |
| CSF-1 | 9.82 (9.69-9.99) | 10.08 (9.99-10.24) | 0.0005 |
| OPG | 9.38 (9.09-9.57) | 9.77 (9.58-9.97) | 0.0005 |
| IL-8 | 5.25 (4.56-5.57) | 6.08 (5.51-6.32) | 0.0006 |
| CDCP1 | 3.50 (3.32-3.97) | 4.21 (3.92-4.65) | 0.0007 |
| Beta-NGF | 0.86 (0.78-0.96) | 1.05 (1.01-1.18) | 0.0007 |
| CXCL9 | 6.83 (6.05-7.31) | 7.59 (7.01-8.46) | 0.0010 |
| PD-L1 | 6.43 (6.15-6.59) | 6.97 (6.68-7.27) | 0.0011 |
| HGF | 8.45 (8.16-8.76) | 8.94 (8.65-9.23) | 0.0011 |
| MCP-3 | 1.01 (0.73-1.57) | 1.77 (1.32-2.09) | 0.0021 |
| CXCL-11 | 7.34 (7.15-8.07) | 8.27 (7.89-9.10) | 0.0023 |
| MCP-4 | 12.91 (12.68-13.33) | 13.61 (13.29-14.26) | 0.0026 |
| CCL-19 | 8.78 (8.67-9.24) | 9.37 (9.01-9.86) | 0.0037 |
| CCL-3 | 5.06 (4.77-5.53) | 5.88 (5.35-6.36) | 0.0063 |
| CD40 | 11.26 (10.88-11.49) | 12.06 (11.44-12.40) | 0.0078 |
| CCL-11 | 6.96 (6.72-7.09) | 7.35 (7.05-7.77) | 0.0087 |
| TNFRSF9 | 6.26 (6.09-6.55) | 6.63 (6.38-7.00) | 0.0096 |
| TGF-α | 3.84 (3.70-3.97) | 4.00 (3.94-4.26) | 0.0118 |
| IL-12B | 5.85 (5.25-6.21) | 6.37 (5.86-6.67) | 0.0130 |
| Flt3L | 8.79 (8.69-9.13) | 9.19 (8.87-9.55) | 0.0158 |
| LIF-R | 3.09 (2.92-3.23) | 3.29 (3.08-3.45) | 0.0173 |
Values are median with 25th and 75th percentiles (Q1-Q3).
Beta-NGF = beta nerve growth factor; CCL = C-C motif chemokine; CD40 = cluster of differentiation 40; CDCP1 = CUB domain containing protein 1; CSF = colony stimulating factor; CXCL = C-X-C motif chemokine; DNER = delta and notch-like epidermal growth factor related receptor; FGF = fibroblast growth factor; Flt3L = FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand; HGF = hepatocyte growth factor; IL = interleukin; LIF-R = leukemia inhibitory factor receptor; MCP = monocyte chemotactic protein; OPG = osteoprotegerin; PD-L1 = programmed cell death 1 ligand 1; TGF = transforming growth factor; TNFRSF9 = tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9; VEGFA = vascular endothelial growth factor A.