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. 2022 Mar 5;211:113062. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113062

Table 1.

Forecasting life losses with natural disasters.

Disasters 1,000 fatalities per event
Exposure time
1 year
2 years
Probability of occurrence % ≈Probability of occurrence %
Earthquakes 1.0 2.0
Hurricanes 6.0 12.0
Floods 0.4 0.8
Tornadoes 0.6 1.2
Arithmetic means of all disasters 2.0 4.0

Sources: USGS, Natural Disasters—Forecasting Economic and Life Losses, https://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/natural-disasters/figures/fig9.html (accessed January 2022).