Table 1.
Study population characteristics
| Parameter | Men |
Women |
All |
|---|---|---|---|
| n = 225,971 | n = 270,126 | N = 496,097 | |
| Age | 63.9 [16.4] | 65.5 [19.7] | 64.7 [18.2] |
| Creatinine [μmol/l] | 82.0 [21.0] | 66.0 [18.0] | 73.0 [23.0] |
| eGFR [ml/min per 1.73 m2] | 86.4 [22.8] | 83.4 [25.2] | 84.8 [24.2] |
| CKD stage, n (%) | |||
| G0–G2 | 200,875 (88.9) | 230,999 (85.5) | 431,874 (87.1) |
| G3 | 22,691 (10) | 36,030 (13.3) | 58,721 (11.8) |
| G4 | 2012 (0.9) | 2733 (1) | 4745 (1) |
| G5 | 393 (0.2) | 364 (0.1) | 757 (0.2) |
| eGFR slope [ml/min per 1.73 m2/yr] | −1.6 [0.9] | −1.7 [0.9] | −1.7 [0.9] |
| Cardiovascular disease, n (%) | 15,003 (6.6) | 13,087 (4.8) | 28,090 (5.7) |
| Congestive heart failure, n (%) | 1034 (0.5) | 946 (0.4) | 1980 (0.4) |
| Peripheral vascular disorders, n (%) | 9929 (4.4) | 7998 (3) | 17,927 (3.6) |
| Valvular disease, n (%) | 5681 (2.5) | 5218 (1.9) | 10,899 (2.2) |
| Cardiac arrhythmias, n (%) | 31,038 (13.7) | 30,564 (11.3) | 61,602 (12.4) |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 87,154 (38.6) | 108,757 (40.3) | 195,911 (39.5) |
| Pulmonary circulation disorders, n (%) | 2821 (1.2) | 3292 (1.2) | 6113 (1.2) |
| Paralysis, n (%) | 1560 (0.7) | 1255 (0.5) | 2815 (0.6) |
| Other neurologic disorders, n (%) | 8099 (3.6) | 8101 (3) | 16,200 (3.3) |
| Chronic pulmonary disease, n (%) | 16,518 (7.3) | 25,079 (9.3) | 41,597 (8.4) |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 33,630 (14.9) | 26,583 (9.8) | 60,213 (12.1) |
| Hypothyroidism, n (%) | 4998 (2.2) | 30,296 (11.2) | 35,294 (7.1) |
| Liver disease, n (%) | 5881 (2.6) | 5102 (1.9) | 10,983 (2.2) |
| Peptic ulcer disease, n (%) | 2568 (1.1) | 2558 (0.9) | 5126 (1) |
| AIDS/HIV, n (%) | 426 (0.2) | 138 (0.1) | 564 (0.1) |
| Lymphoma, n (%) | 2184 (1) | 2160 (0.8) | 4344 (0.9) |
| Metastatic cancer, n (%) | 3131 (1.4) | 6183 (2.3) | 9314 (1.9) |
| Solid tumor without metastasis, n (%) | 25,296 (11.2) | 31,068 (11.5) | 56,364 (11.4) |
| Rheumatoid arthritis/collagen vascular disease, n (%) | 6550 (2.9) | 15,367 (5.7) | 21,917 (4.4) |
| Coagulopathy, n (%) | 3819 (1.7) | 3288 (1.2) | 7107 (1.4) |
| Obesity, n (%) | 3197 (1.4) | 5491 (2) | 8688 (1.8) |
| Weight loss, n (%) | 970 (0.4) | 1385 (0.5) | 2355 (0.5) |
| Fluid and electrolyte disorders, n (%) | 3100 (1.4) | 6028 (2.2) | 9128 (1.8) |
| Blood loss anemia, n (%) | 1064 (0.5) | 2374 (0.9) | 3438 (0.7) |
| Deficiency anemia, n (%) | 3142 (1.4) | 6039 (2.2) | 9181 (1.9) |
| Alcohol abuse, n (%) | 12,163 (5.4) | 6259 (2.3) | 18,422 (3.7) |
| Drug abuse, n (%) | 2467 (1.1) | 2180 (0.8) | 4647 (0.9) |
| Psychoses, n (%) | 2670 (1.2) | 3716 (1.4) | 6386 (1.3) |
| Depression, n (%) | 16,207 (7.2) | 34,327 (12.7) | 50,534 (10.2) |
CKD, chronic kidney disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; IQR, interquartile range.
Study population characteristics at study baseline, by sex and overall; median (IQR) for continuous; absolute and relative frequencies (%) for categorical variables.