Fig. 4.

Wound disinfection and healing efficacy of Fe-CDs. a) Schematic illustration of the application of Fe-CDs-based therapeutic platform toward wound healing. b) Temperature evolution on BALB/c mice back wounds with injecting Fe-CDs during NIR laser irradiation (808 nm, 2 W cm⁻², 5 min). c) Representative macroscopic appearance of E. coli-infected wounds treated with HAc/NaAc buffer, H₂O₂, Fe-CDs + H₂O₂, Fe-CDs + NIR, and Fe-CDs + H₂O₂ + NIR (n = 3). d) Relative mean wound area of E. coli-infected mice at 10 days post treatment. e) Representative photos of H&E staining of dermal wounds. Yellow arrows represent inflammatory cells, including lymphocytes, neutrophils, and macrophages; black arrows reflect hair follicles; green arrows indicate fibroblasts; and red arrows stand for new blood vessels. Scale bar: 200 μm. The scale bars for the magnified images are 50 μm. (*p < 0.05, and **p < 0.01).