Table 1.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients having acute respiratory failure with or without pendelluft
| All patients (n = 200) |
No pendelluft (n = 139) |
Pendelluft (n = 61) |
p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 62 (51, 69) | 62 (51, 68) | 62 (50, 73) | 0.549 |
| Female gender, n (%) | 65 (32%) | 44 (32%) | 21 (34%) | 0.825 |
| Predicted body weight, kg | 64.0 (56.2, 68.5) | 64.0 (54.1, 68.5) | 64.9 (56.8, 69.4) | 0.290 |
| APACHE II score | 16 (13, 20) | 16 (13, 20) | 17 (14, 23) | 0.153 |
| Respiratory parameters | ||||
| Spontaneous breathing, n (%) | 94 (47%) | 55 (40%) | 39 (64%) | 0.002 |
| Tidal volume, mL | 428 (396, 501) | 430 (398, 500) | 421 (390, 510) | 0.810 |
| Respiratory rate, minute−1 | 17 (15, 19) | 16 (15, 18) | 18 (16, 21) | 0.002 |
| PEEP, cmH2O | 7 (5, 8) | 7 (5, 8) | 6 (5, 8) | 0.152 |
| Arterial blood gas | ||||
| PaO2/FiO2 ratio, mmHg | 200 (164, 246) | 204 (167, 249) | 194 (151, 239) | 0.225 |
| pH | 7.4 (7.4, 7.5) | 7.4 (7.4, 7.5) | 7.4 (7.4, 7.5) | 0.763 |
| PaCO2, mmHg | 40.8 (37.0, 43.9) | 41.0 (37.6, 44.0) | 39.4 (36.0, 42.4) | 0.189 |
| Ventilatory ratio | 1.3 (1.2, 1.5) | 1.3 (1.2, 1.5) | 1.4 (1.2, 1.6) | 0.170 |
| EIT parameters | ||||
| Dorsal ventilation, % | 41 (32, 47) | 41 (32, 48) | 41 (32, 47) | 0.984 |
| Defect Score, n (%) | 0.042 | |||
| 0 | 88 (44%) | 68 (49%) | 20 (33%) | |
| 1 | 61 (30%) | 42 (30%) | 19 (31%) | |
| ≥ 2 | 51 (26%) | 29 (21%) | 22 (36%) | |
| GI index | 0.36 (0.34, 0.38) | 0.36 (0.34, 0.37) | 0.37 (0.34, 0.39) | 0.023 |
| Pendelluft amplitude, % | 1.4 (0.7, 3.5) | 0.9 (0.5, 1.6) | 6.4 (3.9, 13.3) | < 0.001 |
| Outcome | ||||
| MV duration, days | 5 (3, 8) | 4 (2, 7) | 6 (3, 8) | 0.052 |
| ICU length of stay, days | 7 (5, 13) | 7 (4, 11) | 10 (6, 14) | 0.022 |
| 14-day ventilator-free days | 9 (5, 11) | 10 (6, 12) | 8 (1, 10) | 0.015 |
| ICU mortality, n (%) | 23 (12%) | 13 (9%) | 10 (16%) | 0.151 |
Data are presented as median (lower, upper quartile) unless otherwise specified
APACHE Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation, PEEP positive end-expiratory pressure, EIT electrical impedance tomography, GI global inhomogeneity, MV mechanical ventilation, ICU intensive care unit