Table 1.
Participant characteristics overall and by tobacco use status: PATH Study, 2013–2018.
| Mono cigarette with ITQ, n = 3155 (weighted %, 95% CI) | Dual e-cigarette and cigarette with ITQ, n = 387 (weighted %, 95% CI) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline demographic variables | |||
| Age, years | 0.03 | ||
| 18–24 | 13.0 (11.8–14.3) | 14.7 (11.5–18.5) | |
| 25–34 | 22.3 (20.5–24.2) | 27.9 (22.9–33.6) | |
| 35–44 | 18.8 (17.1–20.6) | 22.0 (17.0–27.9) | |
| 45–54 | 21.2 (19.7–22.8) | 16.3 (12.4–21.2) | |
| ≥55 | 24.7 (22.8–26.7) | 19.2 (14.9–24.3) | |
| Sex | 0.95 | ||
| Female | 51.0 (48.9-53.0) | 50.8 (45.7–55.8) | |
| Male | 49.2 (44.2–54.3) | 49.1 (47.1–51.0) | |
| Sexual orientation | 0.013 | ||
| Lesbian/gay/bisexual/other | 6.6 (5.8–7.5) | 10.3 (7.4–7.5) | |
| Heterosexual | 93.4 (92.5–94.2) | 89.7 (85.8–92.6) | |
| Race/ethnicity | <0.0001 | ||
| Non-Hispanic White | 68.0 (66.1–69.8) | 80.5 (75.9–84.4) | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 13.5 (12.2–14.8) | 5.8 (3.7–9.0) | |
| Non-Hispanic Other | 6.3 (5.3–7.3) | 6.1 (3.8–9.5) | |
| Hispanic | 12.3 (11.3–13.4) | 7.7 (5.4–10.7) | |
| Education | 0.03 | ||
| High school or less | 51.5 (49.5–53.4) | 43.5 (38.4–48.8) | |
| Some college | 37.0 (34.9–39.1) | 41.7 (36.4–47.3) | |
| Bachelor’s degree or higher | 11.6 (10.4–12.9) | 14.8 (11.2–19.2) | |
| Income | 0.37 | ||
| < $25,000 | 43.3 (41.1–45.4) | 39.3 (34.2–44.7) | |
| $25,000–49,999 | 23.4 (21.6–25.3) | 24.2 (19.5–29.5) | |
| ≥ $50,000 | 25.9 (24.0–28.0) | 30.4 (25.1–36.1) | |
| Not reported | 7.4 (6.4–8.5) | 6.2 (3.7–10.2) | |
| Census region | 0.02 | ||
| Northwest | 18.8 (16.9–20.8) | 11.3 (8.5–14.9) | |
| Midwest | 23.6 (21.7–25.7) | 25.5 (20.8–30.8) | |
| South | 39.0 (36.3–41.8) | 45.3 (38.9–51.9) | |
| West | 18.5 (16.6–20.7) | 17.9 (13.4–23.5) | |
| Presence of chronic disease | 0.10 | ||
| No | 49.3 (47.0–51.6) | 49.2 (43.9–54.6) | |
| Yes | 50.8 (48.5–53.0) | 50.8 (45.4–56.1) | |
| Baseline tobacco-related variables | |||
| Other tobacco use | 0.08 | ||
| No | 82.5 (80.9–84.1) | 78.7 (74.0–82.7) | |
| Yes | 17.5 (15.9–19.1) | 21.4 (17.3–26.0) | |
| Quit attempt | 0.02 | ||
| 0 | 18.4 (16.4–20.5) | 12.5 (8.9–17.2) | |
| ≥1 | 81.6 (79.5–83.6) | 87.5 (82.8–91.1) | |
| Tobacco dependence, mean (SD) | 52.7 (27.3) | 61.0 (24.7) | <0.0001 |
| Intention to quit, mean (SD) | 7.6 (2.4) | 8.0 (2.2) | 0.011 |
| Transition outcomes (Wave 4) | <0.0001 | ||
| Cessation | 16.1 (14.6–17.7) | 10.7 (7.8–14.3) | |
| Mono e-cigarette | 2.7 (2.2–3.3) | 11.0 (8.0–14.9) | |
| Mono cigarette | 75.1 (73.0–77.1) | 52.1 (46.5–57.6) | |
| Dual e-cigarette and cigarette | 6.1 (5.2–7.3) | 26.3 (21.8–31.2) | |
Abbreviations: ITQ, Intention to quit; PATH, Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health; SD, Standard deviation.