Table 1.
Demographic, clinical, blood, and imaging characteristics of participants according to the presence of airflow limitation compatible with COPD
| COPD (n = 326) | Non-COPD (n = 399) | All (n = 725) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic | ||||
| Age, years | 66.9 (10.5) | 60.1 (10.5) | 63.2 (11.0) | < 0.0001 |
| Sex, male, % | 182 (55.8%) | 154 (38.6%) | 336 (46.3%) | < 0.0001 |
| BMI | 27.1 (4.4) | 27.1 (4.8) | 27.1 (4.6) | 0.986 |
| Smoker | 114 (35.0%) | 86 (21.6%) | 200 (27.6%) | < 0.0001 |
| Former smoker | 151 (46.3%) | 152 (38.1%) | 303 (41.8%) | |
| Never smoker | 61 (18.7%) | 161 (40.4%) | 222 (30.6%) | |
| Clinical | ||||
| Asthma diagnosis | 42 (12.9%) | 32 (8.0%) | 74 (10.2%) | 0.031 |
| CAT | 9.2 (6.9) | 7.0 (5.9) | 8.0 (6.5) | < 0.0001 |
| FEV1, L | 2.2 (0.7) | 2.9 (0.7) | 2.6 (0.8) | < 0.0001 |
| FEV1, % | 82.0 (18.7) | 104.6 (14.6) | 94.4 (20.0) | < 0.0001 |
| DLCO, % | 89.9 (23.1) | 98.8 (18.4) | 94.8 (21.1) | < 0.0001 |
| FEV1/FVC | 62.0 (8.4) | 79.8 (5.1) | 71.8 (11.1) | < 0.0001 |
| 6 MWD, m | 478 (108) | 518 (98) | 501 (105) | < 0.0001 |
| YPAS, score | 45.7 (23.1) | 48.4 (21.6) | 47.2 (22.3) | 0.111 |
| Exacerbations last year | 0.27 (0.82) | 0.05 (0.27) | 0.14 (0.60) | < 0.0001 |
| Treatment with ICS | 61 (18.7%) | 16 (4.0%) | 77 (10.6%) | < 0.0001 |
| Blood | ||||
| Erythrocyte, cells/µl | 4.95 (0.52) | 4.92 (0.44) | 4.93 (0.47) | 0.796 |
| Leukocyte, cells/µl | 7273 (2194) | 6746 (1838) | 6983 (2022) | 0.0005 |
| Neutrophils, cells/µl | 4284 (1603) | 3925 (1426) | 4086 (1518) | 0.001 |
| Neutrophils, % | 58.5 (9.2) | 57.3 (8.3) | 57.9 (8.8) | 0.068 |
| Eosinophils, cells/µl | 192 (125) | 160 (114) | 175 (120) | 0.0003 |
| Eosinophils < 100 cell/μL | 67 (20.6%) | 131 (32.8%) | 198 (27.3%) | 0.0002 |
| Eosinophils > 300 cells/μL | 52 (16.0%) | 46 (11.5%) | 98 (13.5%) | 0.080 |
| Eosinophils, % | 2.8 (1.8) | 2.4 (1.6) | 2.6 (1.7) | 0.008 |
| Platelets, cells/µl | 233 (58) | 241 (62) | 238 (61) | 0.070 |
| Fibrinogen (g/L) | 3.9 (0.9) | 3.8 (0.9) | 3.8 (0.9) | 0.208 |
| CRP (mg/dL) | 2.0 (4.1) | 1.5 (2.8) | 1.7 (3.4) | 0.0514 |
| Imaging | ||||
| Emphysema, % | 10.0 (11.9) | 4.7 (7.5) | 7.0 (10.0) | < 0.0001 |
| Airway wall area, % (Primary bronchi) | 18.4 (2.9) | 16.9 (3.4) | 17.6 (3.3) | < 0.0001 |
| Airway wall area, % (Secondary bronchi) | 27.5 (5.7) | 24.6 (5.6) | 25.9 (5.8) | < 0.0001 |
BMI body mass index, CAT COPD assessment test, FEV1 forced expiratory volume in the first second, FVC forced vital capacity, DLCO diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide, 6MWD 6-min walk distance, YPAS Yale Physical Activity Questionnaire, CRP C-reactive protein