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Multidimensional poverty estimates with modified housing costs
| MPI | Av | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Benchmark | 12.9 | 14.6 | 14.9 | 15.5 | 15.3 | 14.6 | 14.2 | 12.7 | 11.5 | 10.9 | 10.5 | 10.3 | 10.0 |
| Modified | 12.8 | 14.4 | 14.8 | 15.4 | 15.2 | 14.5 | 14.1 | 12.7 | 11.4 | 10.8 | 10.4 | 10.2 | 10.0 |
Deprivation in housing is modified as having severe housing burden and household income is less than $75,000. All values are given as percent of the non-elderly adult population (aged 18 to 64 years)
