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. 2022 Jan 24;18(4):1521–1538. doi: 10.7150/ijbs.66477

Figure 8.

Figure 8

PyrBDs distinctly express cleaved caspase-1 and its substrate proteins. (A) PRM for whole protein analysis of PyrBDs, from which DAMP-related molecular proteins were screened. Loss of caspase-1 led to a decrease in DAMP content. The results are expressed as log2 fold change (n = 4), *P < 0.05. (B) TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β content of PyrBDs. Loss of caspase-1 led to decreased expression of inflammatory factors. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD, n = 6, ***P < 0.001. (C) Immunoblot analysis for CD9, CD63, CD81, Histone 3, and Lamin A/C in PyrBDs. (D) Flow cytometry detected the expression of transmembrane proteins CD9, CD63, and CD81 in PyrBDs. (E) Immunoblot analysis for cleaved caspase-1, GSDMD-N, and cleaved PARP1 in PyrBDs. (F) Schematic diagram demonstrating that PyrBDs derived from pyroptotic alveolar macrophages specifically express cleaved caspase-1 and carry DAMPs, mediate epithelial cells activation, increase vascular permeability, and recruit neutrophils.