Table 1.
Patients’ demographics
| Demographic | Non-retention | Retention | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| No. of patients | 1,878 | 298 | |
| Male sex | 904 (48.1) | 180 (60.4) | 0.001 |
| Age (yr) | 47.71 ± 14.30 | 53.23 ± 13.76 | 0.001 |
| ≥ 65 | 262 (14.0) | 62 (20.8) | |
| < 65 | 1,616 (86.0) | 236 (79.2) | |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23.71 ± 3.52 | 24.51 ± 2.88 | 0.001 |
| ≥ 20 | 602 (32.1) | 131 (44.0) | |
| < 20 | 1,276 (67.9) | 167 (56.0) | |
| Main symptom | 0.514 | ||
| Anal prolapse | 1,015 (54.0) | 176 (59.1) | |
| Anal bleeding | 609 (32.4) | 90 (30.2) | |
| Anal pain | 242 (12.9) | 30 (10.1) | |
| Itching | 5 (0.3) | 1 (0.3) | |
| Discharge | 7 (0.4) | 1 (0.3) | |
| Drinking history | 932 (49.6) | 142 (47.7) | 0.534 |
| Smoking history | 370 (19.7) | 63 (21.1) | 0.585 |
| Past medical history | |||
| Hypertension | 342 (18.2) | 84 (28.2) | 0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 91 (4.8) | 19 (6.4) | 0.256 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 42 (2.2) | 9 (3.0) | 0.408 |
| BPH, incidence rate in male | 55/904 (6.1) | 15/180 (8.3) | 0.074 |
| Fatty liver | 59 (3.1) | 5 (1.7) | 0.198 |
| Defecation time (min) | 0.306 | ||
| < 5 | 721 (38.4) | 124 (41.6) | |
| ≥ 5 | 1,157 (61.6) | 174 (58.4) | |
| Hemorrhoid grade | 0.165 | ||
| III | 1,344 (71.6) | 225 (75.5) | |
| IV | 534 (28.4) | 73 (24.5) | |
| No. of resected hemorrhoids | 0.006 | ||
| ≥ 4 | 651 (34.7) | 128 (43.0) | |
| < 4 | 1,227 (65.3) | 170 (57.0) | |
| ASA PS classification | 0.001 | ||
| I | 1,302 (69.3) | 168 (56.4) | |
| II–III | 576 (30.7) | 130 (43.6) | |
| Supplementary medication | |||
| Analgesics | 503 (26.8) | 122 (40.9) | 0.001 |
| Laxative agent | 319 (17.0) | 63 (21.1) | 0.085 |
Values are presented as number (%) or mean±standard deviation.
BPH, benign prostatic hyperplasia; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; PS, physical status.