FIGURE 6.

Associations between type I interferon (IFN) and clinical efficacy of nivolumab treatment for patients with advanced non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A, Kaplan‐Meier progression‐free survival (PFS) curves of 59 patients with advanced NSCLC with serum IFN‐α levels before nivolumab treatment. B, Heatmap analysis of signaling pathway enrichment in NSCLC patients classified as responders (R; n = 11) or nonresponders (NR; n = 22) before receiving anti‐programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) treatment using Gene Set Variation Analysis of the whole‐exome sequencing data from cBioPortal database. C, Tumor growth curves of Lewis lung cancer tumors in C57BL/6 mice receiving intratumoral IFN‐β injection. The correlation coefficient r and P value were calculated using Pearson’s test. *P < .05