Table 1.
Baseline characteristics stratified by code status at ICU admission.
| Characteristic | All (N = 459) | Full Code (n = 421) (n = 421) | DNR (n = 38) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (median, IQR) | 63 (51–73) | 62 (50–72) | 80.5 (70–87) | <0.001 |
| Male (%) | 295 (64.3) | 275 (65.3) | 20 (52.6) | 0.166 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 29.6 (26.2–34.3) | 29.7 (26.4–34.2) | 28.5 (25.2–34.5) | 0.220 |
| Race (%) | 0.012 | |||
| White | 259 (56.4) | 228 (54.2) | 31 (81.6) | |
| Black | 40 (8.7) | 38 (9.0) | 2 (5.3) | |
| Other | 105 (22.9) | 102 (24.2) | 3 (7.9) | |
| Unknown | 55 (12.0) | 53 (12.6) | 2 (5.3) | |
| Ethnicity (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Hispanic | 182 (39.7) | 179 (42.5) | 3 (7.9) | |
| Non-Hispanic | 245 (53.4) | 212 (50.4) | 33 (86.8) | |
| Unknown | 32 (7.0) | 30 (7.1) | 2 (5.3) | |
| Preferred language (%) | <0.001 | |||
| English | 234 (51.0) | 204 (48.5) | 30 (78.9) | |
| Not English | 225 (49.0) | 217 (51.5) | 8 (21.1) | |
| Residence before hospitalization (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Home | 372 (81.0) | 358 (85.0) | 14 (36.8) | |
| Other facility | 84 (18.3) | 60 (14.3) | 24 (63.2) | |
| Unknown | 3 (0.7) | 3 (0.7) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Charlson comorbidity index (median, IQR) | 3 (2–5) | 3 (1–5) | 6 (4.3–7) | <0.001 |
| Past medical history (%) | ||||
| Prior pulmonary disease | 121 (26.4) | 114 (27.1) | 7 (18.4) | 0.333 |
| Malignancy | 58 (12.6) | 49 (11.6) | 9 (23.7) | 0.059 |
| Stroke | 26 (5.7) | 19 (4.5) | 7 (18.4) | 0.001 |
| Dementia | 40 (8.7) | 26 (6.2) | 14 (36.8) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 266 (58.0) | 231 (54.9) | 35 (92.1) | <0.001 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 209 (45.5) | 185 (43.9) | 24 (63.2) | 0.035 |
| Coronary artery disease | 61 (13.3) | 48 (11.4) | 13 (34.2) | <0.001 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 99 (21.6) | 81 (19.2) | 18 (47.4) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 206 (44.9) | 193 (45.8) | 13 (34.2) | 0.226 |
| Smoking history (%) | 0.099 | |||
| Never | 243 (52.9) | 228 (54.2) | 15 (39.5) | |
| Active | 23 (5.0) | 19 (4.5) | 4 (10.5) | |
| Former | 131 (28.5) | 116 (27.6) | 15 (39.5) | |
| Unknown | 62 (13.5) | 58 (13.8) | 4 (10.5) |
Definition of abbreviations: DNR = do not resuscitate; BMI = body mass index; ICU = intensive care unit.