Figure 4.

Diabetes-exacerbated oxidative stress during septic renal injury. Renal reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were detected by immunofluorescence (a). Renal 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) immunohistochemical staining (b) and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) immunohistochemical staining (c) were performed to evaluate oxidative stress levels in the kidneys. Semiquantitative analysis of ROS immunofluorescence staining (d), 4-HNE immunohistochemical staining (e), and 8-OHdG immunohistochemical staining (f). Each bar represents the mean ± SEM (n = 6 − 8). ^∗p < 0.05 and ^∗∗p < 0.01, one-way ANOVA with Tukey's test.