Figure 2.

Autophagy is extensively activated in the early stage of cardiac remodeling (CR). (A-D) Ventricular sections were prepared as shown in Figure 1A and were used for immunofluorescence (IF) staining with antibodies against α-actinin or vimentin (red) plus LC3 (green). Slides were observed under a confocal laser microscope, and the data were analyzed by ImageJ (n = 3). ^**P < 0.01. (E-F) Mice were treated with Iso (40 mg/kg/day; s.c.) for 0, 1, 3, 7, or 14 days with or without TP (100 µg/kg; i.p.). Subsequent IF experiments were performed as described above using antibodies against α-actinin (red) and LC3 (green). n = 3; ^**P < 0.01 vs. 0 day; ^##P < 0.01 vs. Iso.