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. 2022 Mar 7;20:110. doi: 10.1186/s12967-022-03321-x

Table 1.

The baseline characteristics of participants

BRI Q1 (< 2.09) Q2 (2.09–< 2.63) Q3 (2.63–< 3.23) Q4 (≥ 3.23) P value
Participants 3828 3827 3827 3828
Age, years 40.80 ± 8.39 42.67 ± 8.47 44.56 ± 8.54 46.75 ± 9.04 < 0.001
Gender—n (%) < 0.001
 Female 2414 (63.062%) 1790 (46.773%) 1406 (36.739%) 1336 (34.901%)
 Male 1414 (36.938%) 2037 (53.227%) 2421 (63.261%) 2492 (65.099%)
Smoking status < 0.001
 Never-smoker 2675 (69.88%) 2284 (59.68%) 2007 (52.44%) 1962 (51.25%)
 Past-smoker 451 (11.78%) 697 (18.21%) 878 (22.94%) 912 (23.82%)
 Current-smoker 702 (18.34%) 846 (22.11%) 942 (24.61%) 954 (24.92%)
Ethanol consumption g/wk 31.38 ± 63.84 48.00 ± 80.30 55.92 ± 89.75 56.57 ± 90.76 < 0.001
Habit of exercise 689 (18.00%) 758 (19.81%) 676 (17.66%) 573 (14.97%) < 0.001
WC (m) 0.66 ± 0.05 0.73 ± 0.04 0.79 ± 0.04 0.86 ± 0.06 < 0.001
BMI (kg/m2) 19.02 ± 1.53 21.02 ± 1.52 22.69 ± 1.70 25.35 ± 2.45 < 0.001
FBG (mmol/L) 4.99 ± 0.39 5.11 ± 0.39 5.22 ± 0.40 5.32 ± 0.39 < 0.001
HbA1c(%) 5.104 ± 0.303 5.138 ± 0.308 5.177 ± 0.318 5.257 ± 0.334 < 0.001
TC (mmol/L) 4.87 ± 0.81 5.02 ± 0.83 5.20 ± 0.85 5.40 ± 0.85 < 0.001
TG (mmol/L) 0.53 (0.38–0.73) 0.65 (0.46–0.96) 0.84 (0.58–1.24) 1.05 (0.70–1.55) < 0.001
HDL-C (mmol/L) 1.66 ± 0.40 1.527 ± 0.392 1.386 ± 0.381 1.281 ± 0.346 < 0.001
GGT (U/L) 14.41 ± 11.20 18.11 ± 15.27 21.98 ± 20.19 26.34 ± 21.24 < 0.001
ALT (U/L) 14.00 (11.00–18.00) 15.00 (12.00–20.00) 18.00 (13.00–24.00) 21.00 (16.00–31.00) < 0.001
AST (U/L) 16.00 (13.00–19.00) 17.00 (14.00–20.00) 18.00 (14.00–21.00) 19.00 (15.00–24.00) < 0.001
SBP (mmHg) 106.89 ± 12.80 111.91 ± 13.06 116.32 ± 13.91 122.08 ± 15.14 < 0.001
DBP (mmHg) 66.40 ± 8.82 69.62 ± 9.36 72.95 ± 10.05 76.88 ± 10.47 < 0.001

Continuous data are expressed as mean ± SD or median (interquartile range). Categorical data are expressed as n (%)

One-way ANOVA, Kruskall Wallis test or Chi-Squared Test

ALT alanine aminotransferase; AST aspartate aminotransferase; BMI body mass index; BRI body roundness index; DBP diastolic blood pressure; FBG fasting blood glucose; GGT glutamyl transpeptidase; HbA1c hemoglobin A1c; HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; SBP systolic blood pressure; TC total cholesterol; TG triglyceride; WC waist circumference