TABLE 4.

Viral chemokines and chemokine-binding factors

Viral chemokine or chemokine binding factor	Virusa	Actions	Reference(s)
Chemokines
vMIP-I	HHV-8	CCR8 agonist	42
vMIP-II	HHV-8	Broad CK antagonist and CCR8 agonist	42, 104, 160
vMIP-III	HHV-8	CCR4 agonist, angiogenic, Th2 attractant	164
U83	HHV-6	CC-CK agonist, monocyte attractant	182
MCK-1/2, m131/129	Mouse CMV	CC-CK agonist, monocyte attractant	57, 107, 147
vCXC-1	Human CMV	CXC-CK agonist	131
vCXC-2	Human CMV	Unknown	95
MC148	MC virus	CCR8 antagonist	104
Tat	HIV	CK-like agonist, induces CXCR4	4, 158
Chemokine receptors
ORF74 (vGPCR)	HHV-8, herpesvirus saimiri, MHV-68, EHV-2	Functional growth-stimulating receptor, promotes Kaposi's angioproliferative lesions	68, 96, 140, 180
US28, E1	Human CMV, EHV-2	Binds CC-CKs, can decrease local CK levels	61, 92
US27, E6	Human CMV, EHV-2	Unknown	15, 113
U12, UL33, M33, R33	HHV-6, HHV-7, human CMV, mouse CMV, rat CMV	Binds CC-CKs, promotes viral replication	96
U51, UL78, M78	HHV-6, HHV-7, human CMV, mouse CMV	Binds CXC and CC-CKs, downregulates RANTES	119
K2R	Swinepox virus	Binds CXC (IL-8 receptor homologue)	5
Q2/3L	Capripox virus	Binds CC-CKs (CC chemokine receptor homologue)	27
Chemokine-binding factors
vCKBP-I, M-T7	Myxoma virus	Secreted broad-spectrum binder of all CK types	5, 6
vCKBP-II, B29R, G3R, CCI, H5R, MT1, ST1	Mousepox virus, smallpox virus, cowpox virus, vaccinia myxoma virus, Shope fibroma virus	Secreted CC-CK binder	65, 97
vCKBP-III, M3	Mouse gamma-herpesvirus	Secreted broad-spectrum binder of all CK types	130, 173

^aMHV, mouse herpesvirus, EHV, equine herpesvirus.