Table 3.
Target audience of the included studies (N=56).
| Target audience | Values, n (%) | Study |
| Population or public health practitioners | 53 (95) | Alibrahim et al (2014) [38], Barrento and De Castro Neto (2017) [39], Becnel et al (2019) [41], Benitez et al (2017) [42], BenRamadan et al (2017) [43], BenRamadan et al (2018) [44], Bieh-Zimmert et al (2013) [45], Bjarnadottir et al (2016) [46], Brownstein et al (2010) [47], Cesario et al (2012) [48], Chui et al (2011) [49], Haque et al (2014) [50], Happe and Drezen (2018) [51], Henley et al (2018) [52], Hosseinpoor et al (2018) [53], Hsu et al (2018) [54], Iyer et al (2017) [55], Jia et al (2015) [56], Kaushal et al (2018) [57], Kirtland [58] 2014, Krause (2015) [60], Kubasek et al (2013) [61] , Lopez-DeFede et al (2011) [63], Mahler et al (2015) [64], Marshall et al (2017) [65], Martinez et al (2016) [66], Mitrpanont et al (2017) [67], Moni et al (2015) [68], Monsen et al (2015) [69], Monsivais et al (2018) [70], Mozumder et al (2018) [71], Ortiz-Zuazaga et al (2015) [72], Pachauri et al (2014) [73], Palmer et al (2019) [74], Pickle and Carr (2010) [75], Pike et al (2017) [76], Podgornik et al (2007) [77], Pur et al (2007) [78], Raghupathi and Raghupathi (2018) [79], Ratwani and Fong (2015) [80], Rodriguez-Fernandez et al (2016) [81], Rowlingson et al (2013) [82], Semple et al (2013) [83], Shen et al (2018) [84], Sims et al (2011) [85], Sopan et al (2012) [86], Toyoda and Niki (2015) [87], Tsoi et al (2018) [88], Valdiserri and Sullivan (2018) [89], van der Corput et al (2014) [90], Wang et al (2011) [91], Wang and Yao (2018) [92], and Zhang et al (2011) [93] |
| Clinicians | 24 (43) | Basole et al (2015) [40], Becnel et al (2019) [41], BenRamadan et al (2017) [43], BenRamadan et al (2018) [44], Bjarnadottir et al (2016) [46], Brownstein et al (2010) [47], Haque et al (2014) [50], Happe and Drezen (2018) [51], Henley et al (2018) [52], Jia et al (2015) [56], Kaushal et al (2018) [57], Kirtland et al (2014) [58], Ko and Chang (2018) [59], Lanzarone et al (2016) [62], Marshall et al (2017) [65], Mitrpanont et al (2017) [67], Monsen et al (2015) [69], Mozumder et al (2018) [71], Palmer et al (2019) [74], Pike et al (2017) [76], Ratwani and Fong (2015) [80], Rodriguez-Fernandez et al (2016) [81], Semple et al (2013) [83], and van der Corput et al (2014) [90] |
| Policy makers and decision-makers | 21 (38) | Alibrahim et al (2014) [38], Becnel et al (2019) [41], Hsu et al (2018) [54], Jia et al (2015) [56], Lanzarone et al (2016) [62], Mahler et al (2015) [64], Marshall et al (2017) [65], Moni et al (2015) [68], Monsen et al (2015) [69], Monsivais et al (2018) [70], Pike et al (2017) [76], Podgornik et al (2007) [77], Pur et al (2007) [78], Raghupathi and Raghupathi (2018) [79], Rowlingson et al (2013) [82], Semple et al (2013) [83], Sims et al (2011) [85], Sopan et al (2012) [86], Toyoda and Niki (2015) [87], Valdiserri and Sullivan (2018) [89], Wang (2018) [92], and Zhang et al (2011) [93] |
| Public and patient groups | 12 (21) | Barrento and De Castro Neto (2017) [39], Bieh-Zimmert et al (2013) [45], Brownstein et al (2010) [47], Hosseinpoor et al (2018) [53], Hsu et al (2018) [54], Jia et al (2015) [56], Kubasek et al (2013) [61], Mozumder et al (2018) [71], Ortiz-Zuazaga et al (2015) [72], Semple et al (2013) [83], Tsoi et al (2018) [88], and van der Corput et al (2014) [90] |
| Data scientists | 5 (9) | BenRamadan et al (2017) [43], Pickle and Carr (2010) [75], Tsoi et al (2018) [88], Valdiserri and Sullivan (2018) [89], and Wang et al (2011) [91] |
| Industry (software, pharmaceutical, and insurance) | 2 (4) | Kaushal et al (2018) [57] and Toyoda and Niki (2015) [87] |