Table 6.
Multivariate analysis of survival outcomes in patients receiving VRD and VCD induction therapy. Hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals are shown
| Outcomes | N | HR (95% CI) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Progression free survival | |||
| Induction Therapy | 0.13 | ||
| VRD | 852 | Reference | |
| VCD | 202 | 1.20 (0.95–1.53) | 0.13 |
| ISS Stage at Diagnosis | 0.001 | ||
| Stage I | 330 | Reference | |
| Stage II | 346 | 1.20 (0.90–1.59) | 0.22 |
| Stage III | 220 | 1.81 (1.34–2.46) | <0.001 |
| Missing | 158 | 1.41 (1.00–1.97) | 0.047 |
| Cytogenetics | <0.001 | ||
| No Abnormality | 180 | Reference | |
| High Risk | 393 | 1.45 (1.07–1.99) | 0.02 |
| Standard Risk | 447 | 0.87 (0.64–1.18) | 0.36 |
| Missing | 34 | 1.44 (0.86–2.42) | 0.17 |
| Disease Status Prior to Transplant | <0.001 | ||
| sCR/CR | 175 | Reference | |
| VGPR | 499 | 1.23 (0.88–1.73) | 0.23 |
| PR | 380 | 1.79 (1.28–2.51) | 0.001 |
| Maintenance Therapy | <0.001 | ||
| Yes | 904 | Reference | |
| No | 150 | 1.74 (1.33–2.28) | <0.001 |
| Overall survival | |||
| Induction Therapy | 0.13 | ||
| VRD | 852 | Reference | |
| VCD | 202 | 1.33 (0.92–1.9) | 0.13 |
| ISS Stage at Diagnosis | 0.002 | ||
| Stage I | 330 | Reference | |
| Stage II | 346 | 1.31 (0.80–2.14) | 0.29 |
| Stage III | 220 | 2.25 (1.36–3.72) | 0.002 |
| Missing | 158 | 2.26 (1.31–3.89) | 0.003 |
| Cytogenetics | <0.001 | ||
| No Abnormality | 180 | Reference | |
| High Risk | 393 | 2.21 (1.33–3.66) | 0.002 |
| Standard Risk | 447 | 0.80 (0.46–1.40) | 0.44 |
| Missing | 34 | 2.01 (0.94–4.27) | 0.07 |
| Disease Status Prior to Transplant | 0.053 | ||
| sCR/CR | 175 | Reference | |
| VGPR | 499 | 1.12 (0.65–1.93) | 0.68 |
| PR | 380 | 1.66 (0.97–2.84) | 0.06 |
| Maintenance Therapy | <0.001 | ||
| Yes | 904 | Reference | |
| No | 150 | 2.28 (1.53–3.38) | <0.001 |
The following covariates were considered in the multivariate models: induction regimen (main effect), age, sex, race, performance score, hematopoietic cell transplant-comorbidity index (HCT-CI), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at diagnosis, immunoglobulin subtype, cytogenetics, ISS stage, response status at transplant, melphalan dose, and maintenance therapy. A step wise approach was used to narrow down the variables in the model
Table Abbreviations: CI: confidence interval, CR: complete response, HR: hazard ratio, PR: partial response, sCR: stringent complete response, VCD: bortezomib, cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone, VGPR: very good partial response, VRD: bortezomib, lenalidomide and dexamethasone.