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. 2021 Aug 18;2:263–266. doi: 10.1109/OJEMB.2021.3105816

TABLE 2. Glucose and Glucose Variability Metrics.

Metric Description Equation
interdaySD [6], [7] Interday standard deviation of glucose Inline graphic
Where N = total days, G= glucose value
interdayCV [7] Interday coefficient of variation of glucose Inline graphic
intradaySD Mean [7] Intraday standard deviation of glucose (mean across all days) Inline graphic
intradayCV Mean [7] Intraday coefficient of variation of glucose (mean across all days) Inline graphic
intradaySD Median [15] Intraday standard deviation of glucose (median across all days) Inline graphic
intradayCV Median [15] Intraday coefficient of variation of glucose (median across all days) Inline graphic
intradaySD Standard Deviation [15] Intraday standard deviation of glucose (standard deviation across all days) Inline graphic
intradayCV Standard Deviation [15] Intraday coefficient of variation of glucose (standard deviation across all days) Inline graphic
CONGA24 [6], [16] Continuous overall net glycemic action over 24 hours Inline graphic
GMI [10] Glucose management indicator Inline graphic
HBGI [6], [7] High Blood Glucose Index Inline graphic
Inline graphic
Inline graphic
LBGI [6], [7] Low Blood Glucose Index Inline graphic
Inline graphic
Inline graphic
ADRR [7] Average Daily Risk Range, assessment of total daily glucose variations within risk space Inline graphic
Inline graphic
J-index [6], [17] Measure of both the mean level and variability of glycemia Inline graphic
MAGE [6], [18] Mean amplitude of glucose excursions (default = 1SD)
  • 1.

    Local minima/maxima determined

  • 2.

    Assess max/min pairs against SD

  • 3.

    If difference from min to max > SD, mean is retained

  • 4.

    Otherwise excluded

Troughs are retained and summed
MGE [6] Mean of glucose outside range (default = 1SD) Inline graphic
Where # is set, default is 1 SD
MGN* Mean of glucose inside range (default = 1SD) Inline graphic
MODD [7], [16] Mean of daily differences in glucose Inline graphic
TIR [19] Time spent in range (minutes), default = 1SD Inline graphic
TOR [19] Time spent outside range (minutes), default = 1SD Inline graphic
POR [9] Percent of time spent outside range Inline graphic
PIR [9] Percent of time spent inside range, default = 1SD Inline graphic
eA1c [20] Estimated A1c (according to American Diabetes Association) Inline graphic
meanG [16] Mean glucose over all days Inline graphic
medianG [9], [10] Median glucose over all days Inline graphic
minG [9] Minimum glucose over all days Inline graphic
maxG [9] Maximum glucose over all days Inline graphic
Q1G [9] First quartile glucose value over all days Inline graphic
Q3G [9] Third quartile glucose value over all days Inline graphic

*indicates previously unidentified metrics of glucose variability that are similar to clinically validated metrics