Table 4.
Predictors of low PrEP adherence among TGW enrolled in PrEParadas study, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2017–2019
| Univariable | Multivariable | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | p‐value | aOR | 95% CI | p‐value | |
| Study visit | ||||||
| Week 4 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Week 12 | 1.82 | 0.86, 3.85 | 0.12 | 1.86 | 0.85, 4.09 | 0.12 |
| Week 24 | 4.70 | 2.17, 10.2 | 0.00009 | 4.33 | 1.92, 9.77 | 0.0004 |
| Week 36 | 3.76 | 1.72, 8.19 | 0.0009 | 3.73 | 1.66, 8.38 | 0.0015 |
| Week 48 | 8.33 | 3.76, 18.4 | 0.0000002 | 6.79 | 2.79, 16.5 | 0.00002 |
| Age (years) | ||||||
| 18–24 | 9.56 | 2.36, 38.70 | 0.0016 | 4.58 | 0.74, 28.5 | 0.10 |
| 25–34 | 2.03 | 0.56, 7.35 | 0.30 | 1.51 | 0.30, 7.50 | 0.61 |
| 35+ | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Schooling (years) | ||||||
| 0–7 | 7.63 | 1.77, 32.9 | 0.0064 | 6.71 | 1.30, 34.5 | 0.02 |
| 8+ | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Race/colour a | ||||||
| Black | 8.12 | 1.57, 42.0 | 0.01 | 6.72 | 0.94, 47.8 | 0.06 |
| Mixed/Pardo | 1.81 | 0.41, 7.99 | 0.40 | 1.81 | 0.33, 9.92 | 0.50 |
| White | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Housing | ||||||
| Own/rent | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Other b | 1.87 | 1.87, 1.88 | <0.0000000000000002 | 0.99 | 0.20, 4.83 | 0.99 |
| Perceived financial situation | ||||||
| Comfortable | 1 | |||||
| Less than comfortable | 2.38 | 0.61, 9.27 | 0.20 | |||
| Main sexual partner c (ref: No) | 0.75 | 0.38, 1.48 | 0.40 | |||
| HIV‐positive sexual partner (ref: No) | 0.32 | 0.04, 2.45 | 0.30 | |||
| Sex work (ref: No) | 0.90 | 0.37, 2.19 | 0.80 | |||
| Condomless receptive anal sex (ref: No) | 1.08 | 0.55, 2.12 | 0.80 | |||
| Binge drinking (ref: No) | 2.27 | 1.17, 4.38 | 0.02 | 1.87 | 0.91, 3.83 | 0.09 |
| Stimulant use (ref: No) | 3.15 | 1.26, 7.86 | 0.01 | 1.87 | 0.68, 5.10 | 0.22 |
| Physical violence (ref: No) | 1.04 | 0.55, 1.98 | 0.90 | |||
| FHT use | ||||||
| No | 1 | |||||
| Option available at the site | 0.43 | 0.43, 0.43 | <0.0000000000000002 | 0.38 | 0.16, 0.88 | 0.03 |
| Other | 0.68 | 0.68, 0.68 | <0.0000000000000002 | 0.71 | 0.26, 1.97 | 0.51 |
| Positive screening depression d (ref: No) | 2.24 | 0.52, 9.57 | 0.30 | |||
| Self‐perceived HIV risk | ||||||
| <75% | 1 | |||||
| 75%+ | 0.33 | 0.04, 2.70 | 0.30 | |||
| Received text message | 0.56 | 0.56, 0.56 | <0.0000000000000002 | 1.34 | 0.32, 5.60 | 0.69 |
Abbreviations: aOR, adjusted OR; CI, confidence interval; FHT, feminizing hormone therapy; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; OR, odds ratio; PrEP, pre‐exposure prophylaxis; TGW, transgender women.
a
Asian and Indigenous participants excluded.
b
Includes people living in house/apartment that belongs to the family, guest house, shelter or institution, non‐governmental organization, at work, living as a favour and homeless.
c
Someone that the participant considers as her primary sexual partner and feels committed to.
d
3+ score in the Patient Health Questionnaire‐2.