Figure 4. Suppression of running onset responses by visual flow was reduced by an N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor knockout prior to first visual experience.

(A) The average population response to running onset in the closed-loop condition (solid) and the dark condition (dotted) in adult control mice. Shading indicates the standard error of the mean (SEM) across neurons. Albescent white shading marks analysis window used in (C). Note that the visual flow associated with closed-loop running results in a suppression of motor-related responses. (B) As in (A), but for ΔGrin1_juv data in the knockout hemisphere. (C) Average closed-loop visual feedback induced suppression of activity for all neurons in adult control mice and control (C) or knockout (Δ) hemispheres of ΔGrin1_juv and ΔGrin1_adult mice. Suppression was calculated as the difference between the running onset response in the dark and the closed-loop condition in the window 2.5–3.5 s after running onset, marked in (A) and (B). Error bars indicate SEM across neurons. Comparison against data from control mice; n.s.: p>0.05, ***p<0.001. For all details of statistical testing, see Supplementary file 1A.