Table 1.
Clinical parameters of controls and T2DM subjects.
| NGT (n = 82) | T2DM (n = 66) | t/χ2/Z | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender, M/F | 54/28 | 46/20 | 0.246 | 0.620 |
| Age (years) | 50.04 ± 8.98 | 51.08 ± 12.67 | −0.562 | 0.575 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 126 (114,136) | 123 (120,136) | −0.261 | 0.794 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 76 (69,87) | 80 (75,88) | −2.118 | 0.034∗ |
| Weight (kg) | 69.01 ± 11.75 | 70.84 ± 14.18 | −0.859 | 0.392 |
| Height (cm) | 166.54 ± 6.45 | 165.61 ± 8.46 | 0.760 | 0.449 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.79 ± 3.25 | 25.69 ± 4.22 | −1.479 | 0.141 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 85.80 ± 9.22 | 89.07 ± 11.02 | −1.965 | 0.051 |
| Hip circumference (cm) | 94.13 ± 5.46 | 92.45 ± 11.91 | 1.064 | 0.290 |
| WHR | 0.91 (0.87,0.96) | 0.95 (0.91,1.00) | −3.586 | <0.001∗ |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.4 (5.3,5.6) | 8.0 (6.3,11.0) | −9.716 | <0.001∗ |
| FBG (mmol/L) | 4.94 (4.64,5.31) | 8.22 (5.92,12.69) | −8.608 | <0.001∗ |
| 2hPG (mmol/L) | 5.78 ± 1.22 | 16.38 ± 5.98 | −14.165 | <0.001∗ |
| FINS (uIU/ml) | 6.6 (4.8,9.4) | 7.7 (4.5,11.0) | −1.468 | 0.142 |
| HOMA-IR | 1.45 (1.09,2.22) | 2.90 (1,73,5.53) | −5.736 | <0.001∗ |
| HOMA-β | 96.94 (62.98,147.71) | 36.18 (14.46,78.26) | −6.743 | <0.001∗ |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.90 ± 1.01 | 5.44 ± 1.40 | −2.681 | 0.008∗ |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.32 (0.98,2.14) | 1.71 (1.14,3.11) | −3.075 | 0.002∗ |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.77 ± 0.83 | 2.85 ± 1.06 | −0.537 | 0.592 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.26 (1.11,1.49) | 1.09 (1.00,1.24) | −3.761 | <0.001∗ |
| 25(OH)D (ng/ml) | 21.19 (15.66,27.01) | 18.32 (14.33,23.18) | −1.832 | 0.067 |
| Lumbar BMD (g/cm2) | 1.12 ± 0.14 | 1.09 ± 0.16 | 1.151 | 0.251 |
| P1NP (ng/ml) | 44.52 (35.73,58.05) | 36.42 (25.68,51.70) | −2.567 | 0.010∗ |
| OC (ng/ml) | 18.70 (15.56, 23.22) | 16.15 (12.40,21.66) | −2.345 | 0.019∗ |
| β-CTX (ng/L) | 0.47 (0.33,0.65) | 0.43 (0.26,0.59) | −0.172 | 0.864 |
| Irisin (ng/ml) | 11.69 ± 2.06 | 10.90 ± 1.88 | 2.402 | 0.018∗ |
Values were given as means ± SD or median with interquartile range. NGT, normal glucose tolerance; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; BMI, body mass index; WHR, waist-hip ratio; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c; FBG, fasting plasma glucose; 2hPG,2-hour plasma glucose; FIN, fasting insulin; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; HOMA-β, homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride, LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein; Lumbar BMD, body mineral density of the L1–L4 vertebrae. P1NP, procollagen type 1 intact N-terminal propeptide; OC, osteocalcin; β-CTX, β-C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen.