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. 2022 Mar 8;149:112787. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112787

Table 1.

The clinical evidence of TCM for COVID-19.

NO Name of traditional Chinese medicine Compositions Type of study Location of study Intervention Control Severity classification Treatment duration Main findings References
1 BuZhong Yiqi decoction (BZYQ) Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Renshen (Ginseng Radix Et Rhizoma), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) Case-control studies(CCS) Hubei 672 Orthopedic Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine BZYQ+C(n=36) WMST (n=35) Mild cases 10d
  • (1)

    Improve the clinical symptoms

  • (2)

    Shorten the course of disease and improve the cure rate

  • (3)

    Decrease the levels of CRP, ESR

 [75]
2 Chaihu Ganlu decoction (CHGL) Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Shichangpu (Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma), Guang Huoxiang (Pogostemonis Herba), Doukou (Amomi Fructus Rotundus), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Nanshashen (Adenophorae Radix), Yiyiren (Coicis Semen), Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex), Fuling (Poria), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Chantui (Cicadae Periostracum), Jiangcan (Bombyx Batryticatus), Kuxingren (Armeniacae Seman Amarum), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Maiya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus) Before and after comparison People’s Hospital of Wanzhou District of Chongqing CHGL+WMST(n=46) Asymptomatic cases 5-22d
  • (1)

    Prevent deterioration of the disease

  • (2)

    Shorten nucleic acid negative time

  • (3)

    Improve chest CT imaging

  • (4)

    Increase lymphocyte count

 [47]
3 Danggui Shaoyao power (DGSY) Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Chuanxiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria) Before and after comparison Wuhan Union Hospital DGSY+WMST(n=100) Severe cases 10d
  • (1)

    Relieve the symptoms fever, cough, fatigue, dry cough, chest tightness and shortness of breat

  • (2)

    Improve the ratio of nucleic acid negative conversion

  • (3)

    Improve chest CT imaging

  • (4)

    Reduce the levels of CRP, ALT, AST and increase lymphocyte count

 [92]
4 Ganlu Xiaodu decoction (GLXD) Huashi (Talcum), Yinchen (Artemisiae Scopariae Herba), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Shichangpu (Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma), Mutong (Akebiae Caulis), Chuanbeimu (Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus), Guanghuoxiang (Pogostemonis Herba), Doukou (Amomi Fructus Rotundus), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Bohe (Menthae aplocalycis Herba), Shegan (Belamcandae Rhizoma), Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma) Retrospective cohort studies(RCS) Wuhan Third Hospital GLXD+C(n=115) WMST (n=115) Moderate cases 7-14d
  • (1)

    Improve the clinical symptoms of fever, cough, expectoration, chest tightness, fatigue, panting and shortness of breath.

  • (2)

    Shorten hospitalization time and improve the cure rate.

  • (3)

    Reduce the rate of severe cases worsening

  • (4)

    Promote absorption of lung inflammation and Improve chest CT imaging

  • (5)

    Decrease the levels of CRP, PCT and increased lymphocyte count

 [63]
5 Gegen Qinlian pill (GGQL) Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma) CCS Hubei Provincial Hospital of traditional Chinese medicine GGQL+C(n=58) WMST(n=60) All cases 7-14d
  • (1)

    Improve clinical symptoms of cough, chest tightness, nausea, vomiting and loose stool.

  • (2)

    Shorten the time of nucleic acid negative conversion

  • (3)

    Decrease the levels of hs-CRP and increase lymphocyte count

 [106]
6 Huashi Baidu granule (HSBD） Mahuang (Ehedraep Herba), Kuxingren (Armeniacae Seman Amarum), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma), Guanghuoxiang (Pogostemonis Herba), Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Caoguo (Tsaoko Fructus), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria), Dahuang (Rhei Radix Et Rhizoma), Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Tinglizi (Descurainiae Semen Lepidii Semen), Chishao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra) RCS Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital HSBD+C(n=23) WMST(n=32) Severe cases 16d
  • (1)

    Promote the absorption of pulmonary inflammation and improved chest CT imaging

  • (2)

    Decrease the levels of CRP, ESR, serum ferritin, and myoglobin

 [90]
Randomized controlled trials(RCT) Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital HSBD+C(n=99) WMST(n=96) All cases 14d
  • (1)

    Relieve the clinical symptoms of fever, cough, fatigue, chest tightness, loss of appetite

  • (2)

    Promote the absorption of pulmonary inflammation or improve chest CT imaging

 [103]
CCS TheThird People's Hospital of Yichanng HSBD+C(n=25) WMST(n=25) Severe cases 15d
  • (1)

    Reduce the incidence of adverse reactions such as gastrointestinal bleeding

  • (2)

    Improve WBC and lymphocyte count

  • (3)

    Reduce the levels of CRP and ESR

 [88]
7 HuoXiang Zhengqi power (HXZQ) Guanghuoxiang (Pogostemonis Herba), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Fabanxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum), Fuling (Poria), Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma) Before and after comparison The Red Cross Hospital of Yulin HXZQ+WMST(n=11) Moderate cases 9-33d
  • (1)

    Improve clinical symptoms of fever, fatigue, cough, dizziness

  • (2)

    Improve clinical cure rate

  • (3)

    Reduce the rate of severe cases worsening

  • (4)

    Reduce the levels of CRP, ESR, PCT, and LDH

 [60]
8 Jiawei Yupingfeng powder (YPF) Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Baizhu (Atractylodis acrocephalae Rhizoma), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Fuling (Poria), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Guanghuoxiang (Pogostemonis Herba), Zisugeng (Perillae Caulis), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), Sharen (Amomi Fructus), Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) RCS TheThird People's Hospital of Jiujiang YPF+C(n=30) WMST(n=24) Mild or Moderate cases 14d
  • (1)

    Improve the clinical symptoms

  • (2)

    Shorten nucleic acid negative time and hospitalization time

  • (3)

    Decrease the levels of hs-CRP, ESR and increase lymphocyte count

 [73]
9 Jinbei oral liquid (JBOL) Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Dangshen (Codonopsis Radix), Beishashen (Glehniae Radix), Danshen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Chuanxiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Jinyinhua (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Chuanbeimu (Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma) RCS The Third Hospital of Wuhan JBOL+C (n=50) WMST(n=46) Mild or Moderate cases 15 d
  • (1)

    Relieve clinical symptoms of fever, fatigue, cough

  • (2)

    Reduce the abnormal fluctuation of body temperature during the treatmen

  • (3)

    Improve the ratio of nucleic acid negative conversion

 [59]
10 Jinhua Qinggan granules (JHQG) Jinyinhua (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Niubangzi (Arctii Fructus), Zhebeimu (Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus), Kuxingren (Armeniacae Seman Amarum), Mahuang (Ehedraep Herba), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Qinghao (Artemisiae Annuae Herba), Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), Gancao (Glycyrrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma) CCS Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine JHQG+C(n=82) WMST(n=41) Mild cases 5d
  • (1)

    Alleviate the clinical symptoms of fever, cough, fatigue, expectoration and anxiety

 [54]
RCS Beijing YouAn Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University JHQG+C(n=44) WMST(n=36) Moderate or Severe cases 7d
  • (1)

    Shorten the length of hospitalization or nucleic acid negative time

  • (2)

    Promote the absorption of pulmonary inflammation or improve chest CT imaging

 [110]
11 Jinqiang Xuanfei Jiedu mixture (JQXF) Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix), Jinyinhua (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Kuxingren (Armeniacae Seman Amarum), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Doukou (Amomi Fructus Rotundus), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Shegan (Belamcandae Rhizoma), Bohe (Menthae aplocalycis Herba), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Banlangen (Isatidis Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma Et Radix), Sangbaipi (Mori Cortex), Baibu (Stemonae Radix) RCS Wuhan Union Hospital JQXF+C(n=99) WMST(n=60) Mild or Moderate cases 7d
  • (1)

    Improve clinical symptoms of fever, cough, sore throat, loss of appetite.

  • (2)

    Reduce inflammatory reaction

 [62]
12 Jinyinhua oral liquids (JYH) Jinyinhua (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos) CCS The First People's Hospital of Jiangxia District JYH+C(n=100) WMST(n=100) Mild or Moderate cases 10d
  • (1)

    Shorten nucleic acid negative time and hospitalization time

  • (2)

    Improve chest CT imaging

  • (3)

    Reduce the rate of severe cases worsening

 [67]
CCS The First People's Hospital of Jiangxia District JYH+C(n=80) WMST(n=40) Moderate cases 10d
  • (1)

    Alleviate the main clinical symptoms of fever, cough, and fatigue

  • (2)

    Reduce the rate of conversion from mild or moderate cases to severe or critical cases

 [65]
13 Lanxiang Jiedu oral liquid (LXJD) Guanghuoxiang (Pogostemonis Herba), Peilan (Eupatorii Herba), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), Fuling (Poria), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), Jinyinhua (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Mianmaguanzhong (Dryopteridis Crassirhizomatis Rhizoma), Taoren (Persicae Semen), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma) CCS The Fifth Hospital of Shijiazhuang LXJD+C(n=8) WMST(n=8) Asymptomatic cases 7d
  • (1)

    Improve the ratio of nucleic acid negative conversion

  • (2)

    Shorten hospitalization time

 [48]
14 Lianhua Qingke granule (LHQK) Mahuang (Ehedraep Herba), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Sangbaipi (Mori Cortex), Kuxingren (Armeniacae Seman Amarum), Shanyinhua (Lonicerae Flos), Dahuang (Rhei Radix Et Rhizoma), Qianhu (Peucedani Radix), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Zhebeimu (Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus), Niubangzi (Arctii Fructus), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma) RCT Tangshan Infectious Diseases Hospital; The Third People's Hospital of Hengshui City; Cangzhou People's Hospital LHQK+C(n=32) WMST(n=25) Mild or Moderate cases 14d
  • (1)

    Improve the symptoms of fever, fatigue, dry pharynx and sore throat

  • (2)

    Shorten the duration of cough and expectoration symptoms

  • (3)

    Promote the absorption of pulmonary inflammation and improve chest CT imaging

  • (4)

    Reduce the rate of severe cases worsening

 [64]
15 Lianhua Qingwen granules (LHQW) Jinyinhua (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos), Dahuang (Rhei Radix Et Rhizoma), Mahuang (Ehedraep Herba), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Sangbaipi (Mori Cortex), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), Kuxingren (Armeniacae Seman Amarum), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Zhebeimu (Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus), Gancao (Glycyrrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma), Qianhu (Peucedani Radix), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Niubangzi (Arctii Fructus), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix) RCT Puren Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology; The Ninth Hospital of Wuhan; CR＆WISCO General Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology LHQW+C(n=51) WMST(n=51) Moderate cases 7d
  • (1)

    Improve clinical symptoms including fever, fatigue, cough, expectoration, shortness of breath, chest distress and appetite loss.

  • (2)

    Enhance the effective rate of cardinal symptom.

  • (3)

    Reduce the proportion of normal to heavy

 [52]
CCS CR＆WISCO General Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology LHQW+C(n=63) WMST(n=38) Pediatric cases 10d
  • (1)

    Relieve clinical symptoms including fever, fatigue, cough, short breath

  • (2)

    Improve the disappearance rates of short breath and moist crackles

 [44]
RCS Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital LHQW+C(n=42) WMST (n=41) Pediatric cases 5d
  • (1)

    Improve symptoms of fever, cough, phlegm, shortness of breath, and gastrointestinal symptoms

 [45]
RCS The Ninth Hospital of Wuhan; CR＆WISCO General Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology LHQW+C(n=21) WMST (n=21) Moderate cases Unreported
  • (1)

    Improve the clinical symptoms of fever, cough, expectoration and shortness of breath

 [53]
Before and after comparison The Puren affiliated Hospital of Wuhan University of Science and Technology LHQW+WMCT(n=54) Moderate cases 7d
  • (1)

    Relieve clinical symptoms of fever, weakness,and cough, and reducing their duration

 [51]
RCS Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology LHQW+C(n=90) WMST(n=158) Moderate cases 5-7d
  • (1)

    Decrease the levels of ESR and D-dimer

  • (2)

    Increase the levels albumin and hemoglobin lymphocyte count

 [79]
RCS Ruijin Hospital and Tongji Hospital LHQW+C(n=113) WMST(n=49) Moderate or Severe cases Unreported
  • (1)

    relieve the clinical symptoms of fever, cough, fatigue, chest tightness, loss of appetite

  • (2)

    Shorten the length of hospitalization or nucleic acid negative time

  • (3)

    Improve chest CT imaging

 [69]
16 Lung-toxin dispelling formula No.1 (LDF1) Renshen (Ginseng Radix Et Rhizoma), Jingjie (Schizonepetae Herba), Fengfang (Vespae Nidus), Jinyinhua (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Zaojiaoci (Gleditsiae Spina), Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix), Kuxingren (Armeniacae Seman Amarum), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma) Before and after comparison Zhumadian City of Chinese medicine Hospital and The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine LDF1+WMST(n=6) Severe or Critical cases
  • (1)

    Promote the absorption of pulmonary inflammation

  • (2)

    Shorten nucleic acid negative time

 [87]
17 Maxing Shigan decoction (MXS) Mahuang (Ehedraep Herba), Kuxingren (Armeniacae Seman Amarum), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma) Before and after comparison Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital MXS+WMST(n=40) Moderate cases 3d
  • (1)

    Relieve the main clinical symptoms of fever, cough, and fatigue

  • (2)

    Shorten nucleic acid negative time

  • (3)

    Decrease the levels of CRP, ALT, AST, and Scr, and increase CD4+ T and CD8+ T count

 [57]
18 Pneumonia No.1 (PN1) Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Binglang (Arecae Semen), Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), Dangshen (Codonopsis Radix), Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex), Gualou (Trichosanthis Fructus), Caoguo (Tsaoko Fructus), Huzhang (Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma Et Radix) RCS Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese medicine and Han-chuan People′s Hospital PN1+C(n=47) WMST(n=40) Moderate or Severe cases Unreported
  • (1)

    Shorten the time of nucleic acid negative conversion

  • (2)

    Relieve the clinical symptoms

 [91]
19 Qingfei decoction (QFD） Gualou (Trichosanthis Fructus), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Baibu (Stemonae Radix), Qianhu (Peucedani Radix), Baiqian (Cynanchi Stauntonii Rhizoma Et Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma) Before and after comparison Wuhan Jiangxia Fangcang Shelter Hospital QFD+WMST(n=152) Mild or Moderate cases 14d
  • (1)

    Relieve the symptoms fever, cough, fatigue, dry cough, and chest tightness

  • (2)

    Improve the ratio of nucleic acid negative conversion

  • (3)

    Improve chest CT imaging

  • (4)

    Reduce the rate of severe cases worsening

  • (5)

    play an auxiliary role in reducing blood pressure

 [74]
20 Qingfei Paidu decoction (QFPD) Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma), Kuxingren (Armeniacae Seman Amarum), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma), Zhuling (Polyporus), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria), Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma), Guanghuoxiang (Pogostemonis Herba), Ziwan (Asteris Radix Et Rhizoma), Kuandonghua (Farfarae Flos), Shegan (Belamcandae Rhizoma), Xixin (Asari Radix Et Rhizoma), Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) RCS Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Union Hospital,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology QFPD+C(n=12) WMST(n=12) Severe or Critical cases 7d
  • (1)

    Prevent early and mid termcytokine storm and improve clinical symptoms

  • (2)

    Decrease the levels of CRP, IL-2R, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α

 [83]
RCS Xiangyang No. 1 People’s Hospital, affiliated hospital of Hubei University of Medicine QFPD+C(n=37) WMST(n=26) Mild or Moderate cases 6d
  • (1)

    Reduce the levels of CRP, CK, CK-MB, LDH, and BUN

  • (2)

    Mitigate the extent of multi-organ impairment

 [81]
RCS The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine QFPD+WMST(n=782) All cases Unreported
  • (1)

    Improve the cure rate Shorten duration of hospital stay

  • (2)

    Shorten the time of nucleic acid negative conversion

 [108]
CCS Wuchang Makeshift Hospital; Jingkai Makeshift Hospital; JiangHan Makeshift Hospital; Xinzhou Makeshift Hospital; Qiankou Makeshift Hospital QFPD+WMST(n=96) QFPD(n=96) Mild or Moderate cases Unreported
  • (1)

    Shorten nucleic acid negative time and hospitalization time

  • (2)

    Improve chest CT imaging

 [50]
RCS East Hospital of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University QFPD+C(n=43) WMST(n=46) All cases 15d
  • (1)

    Shorten nucleic acid negative time and hospitalization time

  • (2)

    Decrease the level of IL-6 and increase CD3 count

 [107]
Before and after comparison Infectious Disease Hospital of Heilongjiang Province; The First Hospital of Suihua City; Harbin Infectious Hospital; Jincheng People's Hospital; Mudanjiang Kangan Hospital; Suining Central Hospital; The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University; Xingtai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengde Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Yongwu Hospital, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region QFPD+WMST(n=50) Severe cases 6d
  • (1)

    Relieve the symptoms fever, cough, fatigue, dry cough, anorexia and asthma

  • (2)

    Shorten nucleic acid negative time and hospitalization time

  • (3)

    Promote the absorption of pulmonary inflammation

  • (4)

    Reduce the levels of ESR, CRP, ALT, AST, and PCT and increase WBC and lymphocyte count

 [38]
Before and after comparison 27 hospitals in 8 provinces(cities) (The fifth hospital of Shijiazhuang; Xingtai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Chengde Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine;The First Hospital of Suihua City, ect.) QFPD+WMST(n=119) All cases 6d
  • (1)

    Relieve the symptoms fever, cough, fatigue, dry cough, anorexia and asthma

  • (2)

    Shorten nucleic acid negative time and hospitalization time

  • (3)

    Promote the absorption of pulmonary inflammation

 [98]
Before and after comparison 36 hospitals in 9 provinces (municipalities) (The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University; Harbin Infectious Hospital; Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, ect.) QFPD+WMST(n=157) All cases 6d
  • (1)

    Relieve the symptoms fever, cough, fatigue, and asthma

  • (2)

    Shorten nucleic acid negative time and hospitalization time

  • (3)

    Promote the absorption of pulmonary inflammation

  • (4)

    Reduce the levels of CRP and LDH, and increase lymphocyte count

 [97]
Before and after comparison 17 hospitals in eight provinces/autonomous regions/municipalities.Qiqihar Hospital of Infectious Diseases; The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University; Mianyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, ect) QFPD+WMST(n=49) All cases 6d
  • (1)

    Relieve the symptoms fever, cough, fatigue

  • (2)

    Shorten nucleic acid negative time

 [101]
Before and after comparison 28 hospitals in eight provinces/autonomous regions/municipalities.(Qiqihar Hospital of Infectious Diseases; The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University; Harbin Infectious Hospital, ect) QFPD+WMST(n=124) All cases 6d
  • (1)

    Relieve the symptoms fever, cough, fatigue, dry cough and asthma

  • (2)

    Shorten nucleic acid negative time

  • (3)

    Promote the absorption of pulmonary inflammation

  • (4)

    Reduce the levels of CK and CK-MB, and increase WBC and lymphocyte count

 [100]
RCS 14 hospitals (The Public Health Clinical Center of Chengdu, Sichuan Province; The First Hospital of Suihua City, Heilongjiang Province; ect) QFPD+C(n=23) WMST(n=22) All cases 6d
  • (1)

    Relieve the symptoms and fever, cough, dry cough, fatigue, sore throat and anorexia

  • (2)

    Shorten nucleic acid negative time and hospitalization time

  • (3)

    Reduce the levels of ESR, CRP, ALT, and AST, and increase lymphocyte count

 [99]
21 Qingfei Touxie Fuzheng reccipe (QFTX) Mahuang (Ehedraep Herba), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Kuxingren (Armeniacae Seman Amarum), Jinyinhua (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Lugen (Phragmitis Rhizoma), Yiyiren (Coicis Semen), Jiangcan (Bombyx Batryticatus), Chantui (Cicadae Periostracum), Huzhang (Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma Et Radix), Jianghuang (Curcumae Longae Rhizoma), Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Taizishen (Pseudostellariae Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma) RCT General Hospital of Central Theater Command of Chinese People’s Liberation Army QFTX+C(n=51) WMST(n=49) All cases 10d
  • (1)

    Alleviate the symptoms of fever, cough, expectoration, chest tighaness, shortness of breath

  • (2)

    Promote the absorption of pulmonary lesions, improve oxygenation

  • (3)

    Decrease the levels of ESR, CRP, and IL-6

 [112]
22 Qingre KangDu oral liquid (QRKD) Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Banlangen (Isatidis Radix), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Guanghuoxiang (Pogostemonis Herba), Pugongying (Taraxaci Herba), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Mudanpi (Moutan Cortex),Baimaogen (Imperatae Rhizoma) CCS The Fifth Hospital of Shijiazhuang QRKD+C(n=11) WMST(n=11) Moderate cases 10d
  • (1)

    Improve clinical symptoms, fever, cough, fatigue, lung disease absorption rate > 50% and shorten the duration of fever

 [48]
23 Reduning injection (RDN) Qinghao (Artemisiae Annuae Herba), Jinyinhua (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos), Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus) RCT Lianyungang Fourth People’s Hospital affiliated to Kangda College, Nanjing Medical University and The Third People’s Hospital of Yichang RDN+C(n=27) WMST(n=23) Mild cases 14d
  • (1)

    Relieve the symptoms fever, fatigue, cough, wheezes, and sputum

  • (2)

    Shorten nucleic acid negative time and hospitalization time

  • (3)

    Improve chest CT imaging

 [70]
24 RCS The second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University RDN+C(n=32) WMST (n=26) Severe cases 5-7d
  • (1)

    Decrease the levels of WBC, CRP, IL-6, IL-17 and improve the level of IL-4

  • (2)

    Shorten hospitalization time

 [89]
25 Sanxiaoyin modified and subtracted prescription (SXY) Caoguo (Tsaoko Fructus), Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma), Dahuang (Rhei Radix Et Rhizoma), Jiangcan (Bombyx Batryticatus), Chantui (Cicadae Periostracum), Mumianhua (Gossampini Flos), Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix) RCS The Second Hospital of Jingzhou SXY+C(n=26) WMST(n=26) Mild or Moderate cases 7d
  • (1)

    Alleviate the clinical symptoms of fever, cough, fatigue, dry throat, anorexia, poor mental state, and poor sleep quality

  • (2)

    Shorten the average hospitalization duration

  • (3)

    Improve chest CT imaging

  • (4)

    Decrease the levels of CRP, ESR, and PCT, and increase lymphocyte count

 [66]
26 Shengmai injection (SM) Hongshen (Ginseng Radix Et Rhizoma Rubra), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix), Wuweizi (Schisandrea Chinensis Fructus) RCT Hubei 672 Orthopedic Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine SM+C(n=34) WMST(n=30) Moderate or Severe cases 7d
  • (1)

    Improve the symptoms of dry throat, thirst, fatigue and night sweat

  • (2)

    Promote the absorption of pulmonary inflammation and improve oxygen saturation

  • (3)

    Shorten the time of nucleic acid negative conversion

 [93]
27 Shenhuang granule (SHG) Renshen (Ginseng Radix Et Rhizoma), Dahuang (Rhei Radix Et Rhizoma), Pugongying (Taraxaci Herba), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata), Shuizhi (Hirudo), Daxueteng (Sargentodoxae Caulis) RCT Leishenshan Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Hospital, Wuhan Mental Health Center, and Huangshi Hospital of TCM. SHG+C(n=57) WMST(n=54) Severe or Critical cases 14d
  • (1)

    Improve survival rate and prevent deterioration of the disease

  • (2)

    Promote the absorption of pulmonary inflammation and improve chest CT imaging

 [86]
28 Shuanghuanglian oral liquid (SHL) Jinyinhua (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus) RCT Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology ect. SHL+C(n=176) WMST(n=59) All cases 14d
  • (1)

    Shorten nucleic acid negative time

  • (2)

    Promote the absorption of pulmonary inflammation or improved chest CT imaging

  • (3)

    Reduce the level of NT-proBNP

 [109]
29 Shufeng Jiedu capsule (SFJD) Huzhang (Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma Et Radix), Lugen (Phragmitis Rhizoma), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Baijiangcao (Patriniae Herba), Mabiancao (Verbenae Herba), Banlangen (Isatidis Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma) RCS Bozhou People’s Hospital SFJD+C(n=40) WMST(n=30) Mild or Moderate cases 10d
  • (1)

    Alleviate dry cough, nasal congestion, runny nose, sore throat, fatigue, and diarrhea

  • (2)

    Shorten the time of nucleic acid negative conversion

 [55]
Randomized controlled trials Bozhou People’s Hospital SFJD+C(n=40) WMST(n=40) Mild or Moderate cases 10d
  • (1)

    Reduce clinical symptoms of fever, dry cough, nasal congestion, sore throa

  • (2)

    Promote the absorption of lung inflammation lesions

  • (3)

    Enhance immunity, promote the recovery of lymphocytes and white blood cells, and reduce the infection index

 [56]
RCT The Central Hospital of Wuhan SFJD+C(n=100) WMST(n=100) Mild cases 14d
  • (1)

    Improve the clinical symptom of fever

  • (2)

    Improve chest CT imaging

  • (3)

    Increase WBC and lymphocyte count

 [77]
30 Sodium Chloride Injection (SCI) Before and after comparison Jingzhou Hospital of Infectious Disease (Chest Hospital) of Hubei Province SCI+WMST(n=40) All cases Unreported
  • (1)

    Alleviate the clinical symptoms of fever, cough, fatigue, and loss of appetite

  • (2)

    Shorten the length of hospitalization and nucleic acid negative time

  • (3)

    Promote the absorption of pulmonary inflammation and improved chest CT imaging

  • (4)

    Decrease the levels of hs-CRP, PCT, ALT, AST, and LDH, and increase lymphocyte count

 [105]
31 Tanreqing Capsule (TRQ) Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Xiongdanfen (Bear BilePowder), Shanyangjiao (Cornu Caprae Hircus), Jinyinhua(Lonicerae Japonicae Flos), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus) RCS Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center TRQ+C(n=25) WMST(n=57) Mild or Moderate cases Unreported
  • (1)

    Shorten nucleic acid negative time or hospitalization time

  • (2)

    Increase the level of CD3+ T cells

 [71]
32 Toujie Quwen granules (TJQW) Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Shancigu (Cremastrae Pseudobulbus Pleiones Pseudobulbus), Jinyinhua (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Daqingye (Isatidis Folium), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Qinghao (Artemisiae Annuae Herba), Chantui (Cicadae Periostracum), Qianhu (Peucedani Radix), Chuanbeimu (Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus), Zhebeimu (Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus), Fuling (Poria), Wumei (Mume Fructus), Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix), Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Taizishen (Pseudostellariae Radix) RCT Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital TJQW+C(n=37) WMST(n=36) Mild or Moderate cases 10d
  • (1)

    Relieve the symptoms fever, cough, fatigue, expectoration, dry pharynx and sore throat, chest tightness,

  • (2)

    Reduce the rate of severe cases worsening

  • (3)

    Reduce the levels of CRP and PCT and increase lymphocyte count and neutrophil ratio

 [61]
RCT Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital TJQW+C(n=32) WMST(n=33) Moderate cases 15d
  • (1)

    Relieve the symptoms fever, cough, fatigue, dry pharynx and sore throat, chest tightness

  • (2)

    Improve the cure rate

  • (3)

    Reduce the level of CRP and increase lymphocyte count

 [80]
33 Wuye Lugen decoction (WYLG) Bohe (Menthae aplocalycis Herba), Guanghuoxiang (Pogostemonis Herba), Heye (Nelumbinis Folium), Peilan (Eupatorii Herba), Pipaye (Eriobotryae Folium), Lugen (Phragmitis Rhizoma), Dongguazi (Benincasae Semen) Before and after comparison Jiangmen Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Ji'nan University WYLG+CWMT(n=18) Convalescent cases moderate cases
  • (1)

    Improve the clinical symptoms of fatigue, dry mouth, insomnia, anxiety

  • (2)

    Increase lymphocyte and WBC counts, and the levels of hemoglobin(HGL), CRP, and IgG

 [116]
34 Xiang Huo Spray (XHS) Guanghuoxiang (Pogostemonis Herba), Xiangru (Moslae Herba), Aiye (Artemisiae Argyi Folium), Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos), Bohe (Menthae aplocalycis Herba), Bingpian (Borneolum) RCT Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese medicine XHS+C(n=60) WMST(n=60) Convalescent cases 7d
  • (1)

    Improve the total clinical efficiency

  • (2)

    Alleviate the clinical symptoms of cough, chest oppression, fatigue, sweating, muscle soreness, stuffy nose and sore throat

 [114]
35 Xiaochaihu decoction combined with Yupingfeng powder (XCY) Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), Mianmaguanzhong (Dryopteridis Crassirhizomatis Rhizoma), Jinyinhua (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Taizishen (Pseudostellariae Radix), Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma) RCS Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine XCY+C(n=18) WMST(n=14) Pediatric cases 5d
  • (1)

    Improve the symptoms of fever, cough, expectoration, sore throat, shortness of breath, appetite, and chills

  • (2)

    Shorten the course of fever, cough, and expectoration

  • (3)

    Improve chest CT imaging

 [46]
36 Xiyanping injection (XYP) Andrographolide sulfonates RCT the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University ect. XYP+C(n=65) WMST(n=65) Mild or Moderate cases 28d
  • (1)

    Alleviate the main clinical symptoms of fever, cough, and fatigue

  • (2)

    Reduce the time virus clearance

  • (3)

    Shorter time to achieve negative SARS-CoV-2 RNA tests

 [58]
37 Xuanfei Baidu decoction (XFBD) Mahuang (Ehedraep Herba), Kuxingren (Armeniacae Seman Amarum), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Yiyiren (Coicis Semen), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Guanghuoxiang (Pogostemonis Herba), Qinghao (Artemisiae Annuae Herba), Huzhang (Polygoni Cuspidati Rhizoma Et Radix), Mabiancao (Verbenae Herba), Lugen (Phragmitis Rhizoma), Tinglizi (Descurainiae Semen Lepidii Semen), Huajuhong (Citri Grandis Exocarpium), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma) RCT Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital XFBD+C(n=22) WMST(n=22) All cases 7d
  • (1)

    Reduce the disappearance rate of clinical symptoms such as fever, cough, fatigue and loss of appetite

  • (2)

    Decrease the levels of CRP and ESR, and increase WBC and lymphocyte counts

 [102]
38 Xuanfei Huazhuo prescription (XFHZ) Mahuang (Ehedraep Herba), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Qianhu (Peucedani Radix), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Guanghuoxiang (Pogostemonis Herba), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma Et Radix), Dahuang (Rhei Radix Et Rhizoma), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) Before and after comparison Affiliated Hospital o f Gansu University of Chinese Medicine XFHZ+WMST(n=40) All cases 8-23d
  • (1)

    Relieve the symptoms cough, fever, sputum, diarrhea, loss of appetite and fatigue

  • (2)

    Shorten the time of nucleic acid negative conversion

  • (3)

    Promote the absorption of pulmonary inflammation

  • (4)

    Promote WBC, lymphocyte percentage, neutrophil percentage, lymphocyte absolute value, CRP, ESR, total bilirubin (TBIL), AST/ALT and LDH to return to the normal range

 [104]
39 Xue’s Fu Yang Zhu Shi decoction cutting (XFYZS) Dangshen (Codonopsis Radix), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata), Fuling (Poria), Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Lugen (Phragmitis Rhizoma) Before and after comparison Chongqing public health medical treatment center XFYZS+WMST(n=36) Unreported 14d
  • (1)

    Relieve the clinical symptoms of fever, cough, sputum, and sore throat

  • (2)

    Promote the negative rate of nucleic acid

  • (3)

    Improve the improvement rate of chest CT

 [111]
40 Xuebijing injection (XBJ) Chishao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra), Honghua (Carthami Flos), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Chuanxiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Danshen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma) RCT The First People’s Hospital of Jingzhou XBJ+C(n=30) WMST(n=30) Severe cases 14d
  • (1)

    Improve survival rate and prevente deterioration of the disease

  • (2)

    Reduce the rate of mechanical ventilation, rate of septic shock,

  • (3)

    Decrease the levels of IL-6 IL-8, and TNF-α and increase lymphocyte count

  • (4)

    Shorten the length of ICU hospitalization stay

 [84]
CCS North Hospital of the First Hospital of Changsha City XBJ+C(n=20) WMST(n=20) Severe cases 7d
  • (1)

    Reduce the rate of severe cases worsening

  • (2)

    Decrease the levels of CRP, ESR, and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHEⅡ) score, and increase lymphocyte count

 [85]
RCT Affiliated Dongfend Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine XBJ+C(n=22) WMST(n=22) Moderate cases 7d
  • (1)

    Improve the cure rate

  • (2)

    Promote the absorption of lung pulmonary infection

 78]
41 Yidu-toxicity blocking lung decoction (YTBL) Kuxingren (Armeniacae Seman Amarum), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Gualou (Trichosanthis Fructus), Dahuang (Rhei Radix Et Rhizoma), Mahuang (Ehedraep Herba), Tinglizi (Descurainiae Semen Lepidii Semen), Taoren (Persicae Semen), Caoguo (Tsaoko Fructus), Binglang (Arecae Semen), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma) RCT The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University YTBL+C (n=15) WMST (n=24) Severe cases 29d
  • (1)

    All patients are cured and discharged

  • (2)

    Decrease the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α

 [95]
42 Yinqiao powder combined with modified Sanren decoction (YCS) Pugongying (Taraxaci Herba), Lugen (Phragmitis Rhizoma), Yiyiren (Coicis Semen), Jinyinhua (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Kuxingren (Armeniacae Seman Amarum), Doukou (Amomi Fructus Rotundus), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Guanghuoxiang (Pogostemonis Herba) RCS the Second Hospital of Nanjing YCS+C(n=20) WMST(n=16) Moderate cases 7d
  • (1)

    Relieve clinical symptoms such as fever, cough, fatigue, muscle soreness, dry mouth

  • (2)

    Shorten the time of returning to normal body temperature

  • (3)

    Increase the ratio of nucleic acid negative conversion

 [76]
43 Yiqi Yangyin granules (YQYY) Dangshen (Codonopsis Radix), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix), Baihe (Lilii Bulbus), Fuling (Poria), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Maiya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus), Hehuanpi (Albiziae Cortex), Digupi (Lycii Cortex), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma) RCT Jiangxia Wuhan District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine; The First Hospital of Wuhan; Huai’an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Yangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine; The Third People's Hospital of Zhenjiang YQYY+C(n=30) WMST(n=30) Convalescent cases 14d
  • (1)

    Alleviate the clinical symptoms of fatigue, short of breath, dry mouth, dry pharynx, vexing heat in chest, palms and soles

  • (2)

    Improve expiratory peak flow rate value

  • (3)

    Increase CD3+ T count

 [115]

WMST: Western medicine routine symptomatic treatment.