Summary of ketogenic effects on cardiac function. The percentage change and 95% CI are shown for the effect of exogenous ketones on several resting cardiac parameters of interest that were significantly associated with KE administration. GLS was transformed using absolute values. EF, Ejection fraction; LVOT, LV outflow tract; PVR, pulmonary vascular resistance; RV, right ventricular; RVOT, right ventricular outflow tract; TAPSE, tricuspid annular planar systolic excursion; VTI, velocity-time integral.