Table 1.

Published studies with GLP-1 RA use in KT

Study id	Study design, follow-up	Population	Intervention/s	Outcome
Pinelli et al. [17]	Case series, n = 5 Follow-up: 3 weeks	KT recipients with or without previous DM or PTDM, with stable renal function receiving tacrolimus	All patients received liraglutide in monotherapy	Reduction of postprandial blood glucose levels at 60 (7.3 ± 1.2 versus 5.9 ± 0.5 mmol/L) and 120 min (7.1 ± 0.8 versus 6.0 ± 0.4 mmol/L); no decrease of FBS Reduction in body weight after 3 weeks (−2.1 ± 1.3 kg)
Halden et al. [18]	RCT, n = 24 (PTDM n = 12, without PTDM n = 12)	KT with and without PTDM	Intravenous infusion of GLP-1 versus saline (placebo)	GLP-1 improves glucose-induced insulin secretion and glucagon suppression in PTDM patients
Liou et al. [19]	Retrospective case series, n = 7 Mean follow-up: 19.4 ± 7.6 months	KT recipients with PTDM treated with liraglutide	All patients received liraglutide	Decrease of FBS from 228.6 ± 39.1 to 166.0 ± 26.6 mg/dL (P = 0.103) Reduction of HbA1c from 10.0 ± 1.6% to 8.1 ± 0.8% (P = 0.017) Weight loss from 78.0 ± 7.8 to 77.7 ± 12.3 kg (P = 0.922)
Singh et al. [20]	Retrospective case series, n = 63 Follow-up: 24 months	SOT recipients with DM using dulaglutide *Includes both type-2 DM (43 patients) and PTDM (20 patients)	All patients received dulaglutide	Statistically significant weight reduction: mean paired difference at 6, 12 and 24 months of 2.07 (P < 0.003), 4.007 (P < 0.001) and 5.23 (P < 0.034) kg Insulin reduction: mean paired difference of 5.94 units (P < 0.0002)
Singh et al. [21]	Retrospective cohort, n = 88 (dulaglutide n = 63, liraglutide n = 25) Follow-up: 24 months	SOT patients with DM treated with dulaglutide or liraglutide *Includes both type-2 DM (43 patients) and PTDM (20 patients)	All patients received dulaglutide or liraglutide	Significant weight decrease with dulaglutide compared with liraglutide (2% versus 0.09%; P = 0.003) Reduction in insulin units with dulaglutide compared with liraglutide (26% versus 3.6%; P = 0.01) No statistical differences between groups in HbA1c changes

FBS, fasting blood sugar; SOT, solid organ transplant.