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. 2022 Mar 7;12:3647. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-04840-9

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Effects of crude D. viscosa root extract on PC12 cell viability. Mean cell viability (± SD) measured by XTT assay for (A) PC12 cells incubated with concentrations of crude D. viscosa root extract (0–5000 μg/mL) for 14 h or (B) PC12 cells pretreated with concentrations of crude D. viscosa root extract (0–5000 μg/mL) for 2 h followed by incubation for 12 h with H₂O₂ (400 μM). Two-way ANOVA: crude root extract concentration, p < 0.0001; pretreatment, p < 0.0001; interaction, p < 0.0001. Dunnett’s test: ***, p < 0.0001.