Figure 1.

Composite of key inter-regional and regional climatic records, insolation, and temperature, precipitation and altitude parameters for dated eastern African Middle Stone Age occupations including (a) LR04 Benthic Stack δ¹⁸O²⁵; (b) Lake Tana Ca/Ti ratio¹⁹; (c) Chew Bahir k-counts²⁶; (d) Koora Basin diatom CA²⁰; (e) Magadi Pollen grass:aquatic ratio²⁷; (f) Lake Malawi PC1²⁸; (g) Vostok δD [‰ SMOW]²⁹; (h) mean Equatorial summer (Jun-Aug) insolation (W/m2)³⁰; mean (i) temperature (°C), (j) precipitation (mm), and (k) altitude (meters above sea level) within 50 km radius of eastern African MSA assemblages, illustrated at the mid-age point for each occupation and symbolised according to its biome classification. Grey vertical bars indicate odd-numbered Marine Isotope Stages.