Table 3. Comparison of endpoints among different subgroups after neoadjuvant immunotherapy.
| Subgroups | MPR rate (95% CI) | pCR rate (95% CI) | Incidence of TRAEs (95% CI) | Incidence of SAEs (95% CI) | Resection rate (95% CI) | Surgical delay rate (95% CI) | Conversion rate (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pooled | 43.5 (32.4–55.0) | 21.9 (15.3–30.6) | 54.8 (41.5–67.3) | 15.3 (10.7–21.3) | 85.8 (80.4–89.8) | 7.4 (3.8–12.3) | 17.4 (7.4–35.9) |
| Treatment mode | |||||||
| ICI + chemo | 53.3 (40.5–65.8) | 28.6 (20.0–38.7) | 73.9 (43.2–91.3) | 18.0 (12.3–26.5) | 84.4 (75.8–90.3) | 3.8 (1.0–13.0) | – |
| Mono-ICI | 28.6 (18.7–40.8) | 9.9 (5.7–15.3) | 42.9 (32.4–53.9) | 12.3 (6.5–21.3) | 89.2 (84.9–92.4) | 7.4 (4.8–11.5) | – |
| Dual ICIs | 38.3 (20.6–59.7) | 28.6 (13.8–50.7) | – | 9.9 (2.0–31.0) | 76.2 (53.9–89.7) | 13.0 (9.9–18.0) | – |
| Chemo | 9.1 (5.7–13.8) | 2.0 (1.0–5.7) | 49.7 (42.5–57.1) | 20.6 (15.3–27.0) | 75.4 (68.6–81.2) | 7.4 (4.8–12.3) | – |
| P value | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.15 | 0.32 | 0.002 | 0.02 | – |
| ICI types | |||||||
| Nivolumab | 51.5 (32.4–70.0) | 29.1 (16.0–46.2) | 60.0 (22.5–88.5) | 18.7 (12.3–27.5) | 84.9 (80.3–88.6) | 12.3 (6.5–23.1) | – |
| Pembrolizumab | 46.8 (15.3–81.1) | 31.5 (18.0–49.2) | 64.4 (47.6–78.2) | 12.3 (3.8–35.5) | 95.5 (76.0–99.3) | 1.0 (0.0–6.5) | – |
| Durvalumab | 48.5 (37.1–60.3) | 14.5 (8.3–25.4) | – | – | 86.1 (82.6–89.0) | – | – |
| Atezolizumab | 33.3 (7.4–75.9) | 14.5 (2.0–58.2) | 41.5 (34.6–48.7) | 9.1 (5.7–14.5) | 87.7 (82.5–91.5) | 6.5 (2.0–18.7) | – |
| Sintilimab | 37.5 (24.2–53.3) | 15.3 (6.5–29.6) | 52.6 (37.1–67.3) | 9.9 (3.8–23.7) | 92.5 (79.2–97.6) | 4.8 (1.0–18.0) | – |
| Avelumab | 20.0 (6.5–47.1) | 6.5 (1.0–35.1) | – | 26.5 (10.7–53.3) | 73.3 (46.8–89.6) | – | – |
| P value | 0.39 | 0.18 | 0.06 | 0.11 | 0.22 | 0.07 | – |
ICI, immune checkpoint inhibitor; chemo, chemotherapy; mono-ICI, single-agent immune checkpoint inhibitor; dual-ICIs, combination of two immune checkpoint inhibitors; MPR, major pathological response; pCR, complete pathological response; TRAE, treatment-related adverse event; SAE, severe adverse event; CI, confidence interval.