Table 4.
Intestinal health markers in the jejunal mucosa of pigs fed diets with Yarrowia lipolytica
| Item (%) | Treatment1) | SEM | p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||
| YL0 | YL1.5 | YL3 | |||
| Proximal2) jejunal mucosa, concentration/mg of protein | |||||
| TNF-α (pg) | 0.64 | 0.77 | 0.61 | 0.12 | 0.570 |
| IL-8 (ng) | 0.62 | 0.75 | 0.62 | 0.07 | 0.300 |
| IgA (μg) | 1.45 | 1.52 | 1.55 | 0.17 | 0.918 |
| IgG (μg) | 4.45 | 4.04 | 4.79 | 0.33 | 0.329 |
| Distal jejunal mucosa, concentration/mg of protein | |||||
| TNF-α (pg) | 2.59 | 1.75 | 2.13 | 0.40 | 0.349 |
| IL-8 (ng) | 1.12 | 0.79 | 1.16 | 0.22 | 0.370 |
| IgA (μg) | 1.08 | 1.07 | 1.47 | 0.21 | 0.314 |
| IgG (μg) | 4.64 | 4.21 | 5.99 | 0.67 | 0.174 |
SEM, standard error of mean; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor alpha; IL-8, interleukin-8; IgA, immunoglobulin A; IgG, immunoglobulin G.
1)
The dietary treatments consisted of a basal diet supplemented with Yarrowia lipolytica at 0.0%, 1.5%, and 3.0% as YL0, YL1.5, and YL3, respectively.
2)
Proximal: 1.5 m after the pyloric duodenal junction, distal: 1.5 m before the ileocecal junction.