Table 3.
Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) over 24 ha.
| FMD (%) Time-point | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Test meals | 0 h | 1 h | 2 h | 4 h | 5.5 h | 7 h | 24 h |
| Control | 6.5 ± 0.7 | 7.1 ± 0.8 | 7.2 ± 0.9 | 7.3 ± 1.0 | 6.8 ± 0.7 | 6.5 ± 1.0 | 6.5 ± 0.8 |
| Italian herb | 6.5 ± 0.7 | 6.4 ± 0.7 | 6.0 ± 0.6 | 8.2 ± 0.9 | 8.0 ± 0.7 | 7.5 ± 0.6 | 8.1 ± 0.7* |
| Cinnamon | 6.5 ± 0.8 | 5.1 ± 0.5 | 7.4 ± 0.6 | 7.3 ± 1.1 | 6.5 ± 0.9 | 7.8 ± 0.8 | 8.1 ± 0.9# |
| Pumpkin pie | 7.4 ± 0.6 | 6.2 ± 0.7 | 6.0 ± 0.7 | 7.3 ± 0.7 | 7.0 ± 0.7 | 6.4 ± 0.6 | 7.9 ± 0.6* |
a
Main effect of meal (P = 0.26), time (P = 0.17), age (P = 0.02), and significant meal by time interaction (P = 0.04). Data are means ± standard error of mean, n = 25. %FMD, percentage change in flow-mediated dilation. Data were log-transformed prior to statistical analysis. PROC MIXED (SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, North Carolina) was used for repeated measures. Dunnett-Hsu adjustment was used in the model. Significantly different from control,
*
P < 0.05,
#
P = 0.06.