Table 1.
Descriptive statistics of 112 event attributes.
| Event Attributes | M | SD |
|---|---|---|
| Before the event | ||
| 1. General event information (e.g., time/date, location, fair schedule, ticketing information, parking, vendors, sponsors, contact information) |
6.68 | 0.70 |
| 2. Online ticketing system (e.g., fast and simple, confirmation via email or text, printed tickets, and wristbands) | 6.31 | 0.85 |
| 3. Discounts or promo code (e.g., coupons for reduced admission ticket price, special day price | 5.80 | 1.13 |
| 4. Mobile event apps (e.g., ticketing, e-brochure, map view, GPS, virtual platforms, and gamification) | 5.82 | 1.20 |
| 5. Social media connections (e.g., connecting with event staffs/vendors/sponsors/other attendee) | 5.33 | 1.36 |
| 6. Event ride-sharing apps (e.g., Uber, Lyft) | 5.14 | 1.78 |
| 7. Hygiene and sanitation information regarding COVID-19 (e.g., hygiene rules, guidelines, protocols, policies, procedures) | 6.64 | 0.79 |
| 8. Event safety information regarding COVID-19 (e.g., social distancing rules, face-covering rules, indoor event venue capacity, crowd/traffic/attendee flow management plans, food handling) | 6.65 | 0.76 |
| 9. Contact information of local health authorities and/or urgent care/ER nearby | 6.09 | 1.26 |
| During the event | ||
| 1. Location (e.g., easy to find, not far drive, safe neighborhood, public transportation options) | 6.32 | 1.02 |
| 2. Parking (e.g., easy to find parking spot, sufficient parking, reasonable price, effective parking attendant) | 6.33 | 0.95 |
| 3. Shuttle service (e.g., to and from the parking lot and the event gate, to and from public transportation and fair site) | 5.49 | 1.13 |
| 4. Accessible drop off/pick up area | 5.71 | 1.20 |
| 5. Reasonable admission fee (e.g., not pricey, price for single/group, daily specials) | 6.24 | 0.96 |
| 6. Onsite ticket sales (e.g., easy ticket purchase/procedure system, short lines, multiple booths, self-service ticketing kiosks) | 6.00 | 1.09 |
| 7. Multiple entrances | 5.67 | 1.31 |
| 8. Effective access control system (e.g., less lineage and queuing, reduced waiting time, passive scanning, easy and quick check-in) | 6.08 | 0.89 |
| 9. Security screening (e.g., metal detector) | 6.13 | 1.06 |
| 10. Health and safety services (e.g., distribution of face masks and hand sanitizers, decals on floors and seats) | 6.44 | 0.91 |
| 11. Information desk (e.g., maps, flyer of events) | 6.11 | 1.06 |
| 12. Lost & Found | 5.67 | 1.42 |
| 13. Mobility rental service (e.g., stroller, scooter, and wheelchair rentals) | 5.10 | 1.68 |
| 14. Free Wi-Fi | 5.04 | 1.64 |
| 15. Good crowd control | 5.98 | 1.07 |
| 16. Wayfinding (e.g., easy to navigate). | 6.28 | 0.74 |
| 17. Security personnel (e.g., friendly security) | 6.18 | 1.13 |
| 18. Community booths (e.g., nonprofit organizations) | 5.02 | 1.28 |
| 19. Vendors (e.g., many vendors, various merchandize, reasonable price, friendly vendors, sell real products, artisan products) | 5.76 | 1.25 |
| 20. Entertaining events (e.g., concerts, parades, carnivals, performing arts, dance performances, musical acts) | 6.00 | 0.94 |
| 21. Lots of free entertainment stages | 5.49 | 1.12 |
| 22. Cultural events (e.g., cultural stages, interesting cultural activities) | 5.73 | 0.97 |
| 23. Educational events (e.g., fair history booth, historical information, demonstration, agricultural education, cooking demonstration, and gardening) | 5.14 | 1.33 |
| 24. Participating activities/programs (e.g., sports events, talent competition, wood carving, amateur performing competition, bungee jumping) | 5.47 | 1.20 |
| 25. Family-orientated programs (e.g., fun programs for all ages, interactive areas) | 5.39 | 1.27 |
| 26. Agricultural programs (e.g., agricultural show - 4H, crop displays, trailers and wheelers exhibit, antique farm equipment exhibit) | 4.73 | 1.46 |
| 27. Learning/training programs (e.g., American production, machinery, livestock learning, pet training) | 4.76 | 1.60 |
| 28. Eco center (e.g., ecological tent, environmental center, clean energy exhibit) | 5.00 | 1.52 |
| 29. Contemporary, non-agricultural exhibits (e.g., science displays, technology) | 4.67 | 1.46 |
| 30. Novelty (e.g., new programs, new foods, new drinks, new vendors, new exhibits) | 5.63 | 1.03 |
| 31. Uniqueness (e.g., unique programs reflected by local culture, locally themed event) | 6.11 | 0.91 |
| 32. Nostalgia (e.g., costume contents, music, exhibits, decor) | 5.59 | 1.18 |
| 33. International bazaar (e.g., marketplace, exhibitions) | 5.29 | 1.32 |
| 34. Lots of music (e.g., free open-air concerts, music bands on stages, local bands) | 5.78 | 1.22 |
| 35. Lots of things to see (e.g., butter cow, celebrity crop art, sand sculpture, marching band, RV show) | 5.37 | 1.61 |
| 36. Amusement (e.g., ride variety, overhead condoler ride, skylift) | 6.16 | 1.13 |
| 37. Kids events (e.g., kid play zone, mini bumper cars, kids' artwork) | 5.22 | 1.92 |
| 38. Food (e.g., variety of food selection, local food, drink, good taste) | 6.49 | 0.91 |
| 39. Concession stands | 5.92 | 0.95 |
| 40. Healthy food options (e.g., meeting all dietary restrictions, smart calories) | 6.01 | 1.20 |
| 41. Food prices (e.g., reasonable, too high, too low) | 6.50 | 0.80 |
| 42. Many kiosks (e.g., water, beer, wine, alcohol) | 6.17 | 0.97 |
| 43. Exhibits (e.g., arts and crafts, local art and miscellaneous displays, photography exhibits) | 5.49 | 1.04 |
| 44. Animals (e.g., livestock barn with shows, petting zoo, farm animal exhibits, pig racing) | 4.84 | 1.74 |
| 45. Restrooms (e.g., availability, cleanliness, family option) | 6.48 | 0.95 |
| 46. Handwashing options (e.g., facilities with soap and water and/or hand rub dispensers) | 6.67 | 0.78 |
| 47. Fabulous atmosphere/ambiance (e.g., high, expected, low, needs work) | 6.04 | 0.93 |
| 48. Shopping (e.g., vendor merchandize, flea market) | 5.27 | 1.36 |
| 49. Event souvenirs (e.g., variety, good quality, affordable price) | 5.31 | 1.27 |
| 50. A lot of giveaways/free samples (e.g., giveaways from vendors, sponsors, and other event stakeholders) | 5.27 | 1.30 |
| 51. Fair grounds (e.g., cleanliness, space allotment, staffing) | 6.37 | 0.95 |
| 52. Rest areas (e.g., lots of shade, shelter, cushioned seating, air conditioning) | 6.31 | 0.86 |
| 53. Well laid-out design (e.g., landscape, street layout, midway, excellent arrangement) | 6.20 | 0.84 |
| 54. Crowd control (e.g., well managed, needed additional, too much) | 6.01 | 1.06 |
| 55. Signage (e.g., guidance, effectiveness, directional) | 6.00 | 1.32 |
| 56. Well-organized event (e.g., smooth flow of the events, organized, not organized) | 6.35 | 0.77 |
| 57. Good event implementation (e.g., event production, good stage management) | 6.12 | 0.89 |
| 58. A real feel of local culture overall | 5.86 | 1.19 |
| 59. Event staff (e.g., event staff availability, friendly and helpful staff) | 6.56 | 0.71 |
| 60. Good security (e.g., sheriff's/police presence, cameras, gate checks) | 6.45 | 0.94 |
| 61. Convenient camping ground/motor home/RV parking site (e.g., full hookups, electric, water, and sewer hookups, showers, laundry, Wi-Fi) | 4.27 | 2.06 |
| 62. Amenities in the RV parking area (e.g., laundry room, bathhouse) | 4.29 | 2.01 |
| 63. Surroundings (e.g., close to local restaurant, museums) | 5.06 | 1.76 |
| 64. Nighttime show (e.g., fireworks, laser show) | 5.51 | 1.45 |
| 65. Capacity management (e.g., less crowded at event venues) | 5.82 | 1.18 |
| 66. Influence of other people/fairgoers (e.g., good manners, etiquette) | 5.80 | 1.09 |
| 67. Socializing with other attendees (e.g., meeting/talking with new people) | 5.20 | 1.48 |
| 68. Media participation (e.g., live TV shows, media booth/local TV and radio stations) | 4.71 | 1.73 |
| 69. State government booths (e.g., DMV, license booth for hunting/fishing. Dept. of Natural Resources) | 4.14 | 1.76 |
| 70. Enough sprayers to cool down visitors | 5.18 | 1.53 |
| 71. Sidewalks and roads for people in a wheelchair | 5.78 | 1.41 |
| 72. ATMs | 5.67 | 1.54 |
| 73. First aid, EMT onsite | 6.18 | 1.11 |
| 74. Water or hydration stations (free or low cost, availability, cleanliness) | 6.54 | 0.73 |
| 75. A tent sponsored by political organizations | 3.61 | 2.19 |
| 76. Tent for non-profit organizations (e.g., 4-H, Girl/Boy Scouts) | 4.67 | 1.74 |
| 77. Tent for colleges and universities | 4.59 | 1.63 |
| 78. Health-related programs (e.g., yoga and wellness programs) | 4.98 | 1.52 |
| 79. Commercial booths | 4.76 | 1.64 |
| 80. Facility maintenance (e.g., event venue/building/ground, clean atmosphere) | 6.26 | 1.10 |
| 81. Feel for history (e.g., frontier village) | 4.78 | 1.72 |
| 82. Photo zone | 5.45 | 1.47 |
| 83. Place to nurse an infant | 5.41 | 1.91 |
| 84. Cleaning and disinfection of the venue (e.g., amount, thorough) | 6.52 | 0.85 |
| 85. Physical distancing (e.g., regulating the flow of the crowd, minimal physical interaction with people) | 6.34 | 0.93 |
| 86. Mobile partitions in an event venue | 5.41 | 1.47 |
| 87. Hand washing and sanitization stations | 5.90 | 0.816 |
| 88. Cleaning staffs everywhere | 5.93 | 1.24 |
| 89. Installation of a dispenser with disinfectant in public areas | 5.92 | 1.16 |
| 90. Virtual event platform (e.g., virtual exhibit hall, attendee networks) | 5.04 | 1.54 |
| 91. Available layout/seating charts/current capacity outside of the event venue | 5.73 | 1.39 |
| 92. Daily event information (e.g., attendee size, news/stories, special event info., COVID-19 updates) | 6.00 | 1.40 |
| 93. Good waste management (e.g., trash can and recycling stations, regular cleaning) | 6.43 | 0.91 |
| 94. Regular downtown trolley service during the fair | 5.39 | 1.39 |
| 95. Safety (e.g., clean, spacious, well-lite, pathways clear, exit signs) | 6.50 | 1.16 |
| After the event | ||
| 1. Multiple exits | 6.35 | 1.19 |
| 2. Farewell signs (e.g., “thank you” and “see you next year” message) | 5.71 | 1.25 |
| 3. Safe, controlled crowd | 6.55 | 0.78 |
| 4. Security personnel everywhere | 6.03 | 1.24 |
| 5. Well-lit parking lot | 6.54 | 0.84 |
| 6. Shuttle service to public transportation | 6.09 | 1.08 |
| 7. Social media connection (e.g., post-event activities, photo contest, sharing event experience with others, connecting with attendees/vendors/sponsors, satisfaction survey) | 5.37 | 1.49 |
| 8. Updated information of the fair regarding COVID-19 | 6.40 | 1.07 |