Table 2.
Univariate analysis of OS and CSS for patients with hepatic malignant vascular tumor (HMVT)
| Categories | AS (N=350) | EHE (N=114) | HMVT-all (N=510) | HMVT-training | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||
| P-value, HR (95% CI) | ||||||||
|
| ||||||||
| OS | CSS | OS | CSS | OS | CSS | OS | CSS | |
| Age | ||||||||
| <40 | reference | reference | reference | reference | ||||
| 40-59 | 0.185, 1.37 (0.86-2.19) | 0.277, 1.32 (0.80-2.18) | 0.378, 1.41 (0.66-3.05) | 0.637, 1.21 (0.55-2.68) | 0.005, 1.69 (1.18-2.43) | 0.026, 1.56 (1.06-2.29) | 0.005, 1.95 (1.22-3.12) | 0.03, 1.73 (1.06-2.83) |
| ≥60 | <0.001, 2.55 (1.63-4.01) | 0.003, 2.07 (1.27-3.38) | <0.001, 4.08 (1.92-8.66) | 0.01, 2.87 (1.28-6.40) | <0.001, 3.94 (2.76-5.61) | <0.001, 3.09 (2.12-4.52) | <0.001, 4.39 (2.79-6.89) | <0.001, 3.08 (1.90-5.00) |
| Race | ||||||||
| white | reference | reference | reference | reference | ||||
| black | 0.712, 1.10 (0.67-1.80) | 0.702, 0.94 (0.68-1.30) | 0.840, 1.10 (0.44-2.78) | 0.491, 1.39 (0.54-3.56) | 0.427, 0.84 (0.55-1.29) | 0.646, 0.90 (0.56-1.43) | 0.289, 0.74 (0.42-1.30) | 0.396, 0.76 (0.40-1.44) |
| other | 0.95, 0.99 (0.74-1.33) | 0.974, 1.01 (0.55-1.87) | 0.800, 1.13 (0.45-2.85) | 0.796, 0.84 (0.36-2.73) | 0.106, 1.25 (0.95-1.63) | 0.081, 1.30 (0.97-1.75) | 0.16, 1.27 (0.91-1.76) | 0.100, 1.36 (0.94-1.97) |
| Sex | ||||||||
| female | reference | reference | reference | reference | ||||
| male | 0.01, 1.36 (1.08-1.71) | 0.015, 1.39 (1.07-1.80) | 0.347, 1.31 (0.75-2.29) | 0.243, 1.45 (0.78-2.69) | <0.001, 1.73 (1.41-2.11) | <0.001, 1.80 (1.44-2.26) | <0.001, 1.75 (1.35-2.26) | <0.001, 1.71 (1.28-2.30) |
| Grade | ||||||||
| low-grade | reference | reference | reference | reference | ||||
| high-grade | 0.145, 1.52 (0.87-2.67) | 0.499, 1.22 (0.69-2.16) | 0.058, 3.88 (0.96-15.77) | 0.0307, 7.13 (1.12-45.23) | 0.001, 2.16 (1.34-3.46) | 0.005, 2.11 (1.25-3.55) | 0.008, 2.32 (1.25-4.32) | 0.026, 2.24 (1.10-4.54) |
| AFP | ||||||||
| normal | reference | reference | reference | reference | ||||
| elevated | 0.801, 1.11 (0.51-2.40) | 0.878, 0.93 (0.38-2.31) | 0.119, 2.76 (0.77-9.90) | 0.257, 2.43 (0.52-11.23) | 0.686, 1.14 (0.60-2.20) | 0.878, 0.94 (0.44-2.04) | 0.462, 1.37 (0.59-3.19) | 0.792, 1.14 (0.41-3.20) |
| Fibrosis | ||||||||
| none to moderate | reference | reference | reference | reference | ||||
| Severe | 0.067, 1.53 (0.62-3.78) | 0.058, 2.829 (0.80-1.06) | 0.022, 10.07 (1.39-73.07) | 0.014, 12.35 (1.68-90.82) | 0.017, 2.60 (1.19-5.70) | 0.006, 4.36 (1.53-11.87) | 0.123, 2.09 (0.82-5.31) | 0.096, 2.85 (0.83-9.78) |
| Tumor number | ||||||||
| 1 | reference | reference | reference | reference | ||||
| ≥2 | 0.684, 0.93 (0.66-1.32) | <0.001, 0.041 (0.01-0.22) | 0.09, 2.06 (0.97-4.38) | 0.215, 0.044 (0.00-6.18) | 0.545, 1.11 (0.80-1.53) | <0.001, 0.04 (0.01-0.22) | 0.399, 1.19 (0.80-1.78) | 0.004, 0.04 (0.01-0.36) |
| Tumor size | ||||||||
| ≤5 cm | reference | reference | reference | reference | ||||
| >5 cm | 0.03, 1.70 (1.05-2.75) | 0.075, 1.67 (0.95-2.96) | 0.003, 4.79 (1.73-13.25) | 0.004, 6.01 (1.80-20.07) | <0.001, 2.86 (1.90-4.32) | <0.001, 2.81 (1.74-4.54) | <0.001, 2.90 (1.77-4.74) | 0.003, 2.39 (1.35-4.25) |
| Surgery | ||||||||
| Yes | reference | reference | reference | reference | ||||
| No | 0.016, 2.20 (1.16-4.18) | 0.062, 1.96 (0.97-3.97) | 0.814, 1.11 (0.47-2.63) | 0.803, 0.89 (0.37-2.16) | 0.521, 1.20 (0.69-2.07) | 0.488, 1.24 (0.67-2.30) | 0.854, 1.09 (0.47-2.47) | 0.893, 1.07 (0.41-2.78) |
| Radiation | ||||||||
| Yes | reference | reference | reference | reference | ||||
| No | 0.411, 1.28 (0.71-2.35) | 0.35, 1.40 (0.69-2.83) | 0.164, 0.37 (0.09-1.51) | 0.588, 0.58 (0.08-4.22) | 0.625, 0.87 (0.50-1.51) | 0.998, 0.99 (0.52-1.94) | 0.762, 1.12 (0.53-2.38) | 0.412, 1.51 (0.56-4.08) |
| Chemotherapy | ||||||||
| Yes | reference | reference | reference | reference | ||||
| 0.033, 1.41 (1.03-1.93) | 0.117, 1.32 (0.93-1.87) | 0.996, 1.00 (0.49-2.05) | 0.476, 0.77 (0.37-1.60) | 0.208, 1.19 (0.91-1.55) | 0.417, 1.13 (0.84-1.52) | 0.267, 1.20 (0.87-1.66) | 0.533, 1.12 (0.78-1.62) | |
| Histological type | ||||||||
| AS | reference | reference | ||||||
| HE | 0.019, 2.33 (1.15-4.72) | 0.034, 2.41 (1.07-5.45) | 0.037, 2.90 (1.06-7.90) | 0.074, 2.88 (0.90-9.18) | ||||
| EHE | 0.896, 0.95 (0.43-2.09) | 0.890, 0.94 (0.38-2.34) | 0.783, 1.17 (0.39-3.50) | 0.921, 1.07 (0.29-3.83) | ||||
| HP | 0.077, 0.51 (0.24-1.08) | 0.160, 0.54 (0.23-1.27) | 0.258, 0.55 (0.19-1.56) | 0.361, 0.57 (0.17-1.92) | ||||
| T stage | ||||||||
| early stage | reference | reference | reference | reference | ||||
| advanced stage | 0.053, 1.45 (1.00-2.11) | 0.113, 1.43 (0.92-2.22) | 0.025, 2.60 (1.13-5.98) | 0.016, 3.03 (1.23-7.46) | 0.001, 1.74 (1.25-2.42) | 0.003, 1.80 (1.23-2.63) | 0.008, 1.75 (1.16-2.63) | 0.024, 1.76 (1.08-2.88) |
| N stage | ||||||||
| N0 | reference | reference | reference | reference | ||||
| N1 | 0.206, 1.59 (0.78-3.24) | 0.135, 1.80 (0.83-3.87) | 0.142, 1.96 (0.80-4.84) | 0.036, 2.72 (1.07-6.92) | 0.711, 1.11 (0.65-1.88) | 0.454, 1.24 (0.70-2.20) | 0.662, 0.85 (0.41-1.75) | 0.683, 0.841 (0.37-1.93) |
| M stage | ||||||||
| M0 | reference | reference | reference | reference | ||||
| M1 | 0.089, 1.33 (0.96-1.83) | 0.124, 1.34 (0.92-1.93) | 0.080, 1.90 (0.93-3.87) | 0.073, 2.08 (0.93-4.64) | 0.198, 1.16 (0.88-1.54) | 0.277, 1.19 (0.87-1.64) | 0.513, 1.13 (0.79-1.62) | 0.419, 1.19 (0.79-1.79) |
HR: Hazard Ratio. CI: Confidence Interval. Low-grade included grades I and II. Grade III and IV were classified into high-grade. T1 and T2 were included in the early stage. T3 and T4 were included in the advanced stage. AS: angiosarcoma. HE: hemangioendothelioma. EHE: epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. HP: hemangiopericytoma.