Table 3.
Statistical analysis of preintervention and postintervention results of mild cognitive impairment and mild dementia groups by using Wilcoxon test and effect size calculation results with Cohen d.
| Group, index | Preintervention, mean (SD) | Preintervention, median (min-max) | Postintervention, mean (SD) | Postintervention, median (min-max) | Z value | P value | q value | Cohen d | |||||||||
| Mild dementia | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
AVLTa | 25.38 (10.12) | 24 (8-50) | 38.53 (8.63) | 38 (28-57) | 2.97 | .003 | 0.010 | 1.39 | ||||||||
|
|
STTb | 523.23 (307.71) | 394 (227-1246) | 338.76 (112.30) | 306 (204-591) | –3.04 | .002 | 0.014 | 0.79 | ||||||||
|
|
GDSc | 5.00 (4.63) | 4 (0-16) | 3.38 (3.52) | 3 (0-12) | 1.42 | .15 | 0.154 | 0.39 | ||||||||
| Mild cognitive impairment | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
MMSEd | 26.06 (2.99) | 26.5 (16-29) | 29.06 (0.72) | 29 (28-30) | 3.42 | .001 | 0.003 | 1.37 | ||||||||
|
|
AVLT | 38.11 (10.76) | 36 (14-64) | 51.33 (8.28) | 51.5 (32-68) | 3.72 | <.001 | 0.007 | 1.38 | ||||||||
|
|
PSSe | 14.56 (12.05) | 8.5 (0-40) | 9.11 (12.11) | 3 (0-38) | 2.18 | .03 | 0.033 | 0.45 | ||||||||
|
|
GDS | 5.11 (5.24) | 3.5 (0-20) | 4.22 (6.31) | 2 (0-24) | 1.16 | .25 | 0.245 | 0.15 | ||||||||
aAVLT: Auditory Verbal Learning Test.
bSTT: Shape Trail Test.
cGDS: Geriatric Depression Scale.
dMMSE: Mini-Mental State Examination.
ePSS: Perceived Stress Scale.