Table III.
Risk of early pregnancy loss per pregnancy with HCG >100 IU/ml according to endometrial preparation protocol in univariable and multivariable analysis.
| Early pregnancy loss |
Univariable analysis | Multivariable analysis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | % | Odds ratio (CI 95%) | Odds ratio (CI 95%) | P | |
| Endometrial preparation protocol | |||||
| Natural cycle | 209 | 25.7 | 1 | 1 | – |
| Stimulated cycle | 193 | 23.6 | 0.89 (0.71–1.12) | 0.88 (0.69–1.10) | 0.26 |
| Artificial cycle | 808 | 36.5 | 1.66 (1.38–1.78) | 1.63 (1.35–1.97) | <0.0001 |
| Age (years) | |||||
| 25–34 | 626 | 28.9 | 1 | 1 | – |
| <25 | 27 | 37.5 | 1.48 (0.91–2.41) | 1.44 (0.88–2.37) | 0.15 |
| 35–37 | 264 | 30.3 | 1.07 (0.90–1.27) | 1.05 (0.88–1.25) | 0.62 |
| 38–40 | 204 | 38 | 1.51 (1.24–1.84) | 1.50 (1.22–1.84) | 0.0001 |
| >40 | 89 | 45.9 | 2.09 (1.55–2.81) | 2.01 (1.48–2.74) | <0.0001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | |||||
| 18–24 | 687 | 31.2 | 1 | 1 | – |
| <18 | 45 | 37.2 | 1.30 (0.89–1.91) | 1.34 (0.91–1.98) | 0.14 |
| 25–29 | 210 | 31.4 | 1.01 (0.84–1.22) | 1.04 (0.85–1.26) | 0.72 |
| ≥30 | 125 | 33.7 | 1.12 (0.89–1.41) | 1.09 (0.85–1.39) | 0.49 |
| Missing data | 143 | 29.5 | 0.92 (0.74–1.14) | 1.32 (0.97–1.79) | 0.08 |
| Smoking | |||||
| No | 779 | 31.6 | 1 | 1 | – |
| Yes | 295 | 33.6 | 1.09 (0.93–1.29) | 1.13 (0.95–1.34) | 0.16 |
| Missing data | 136 | 27.4 | 0.82 (0.66–1.01) | 0.88 (0.63–1.19) | 0.37 |
| History of early pregnancy loss | |||||
| No | 1 | 1 | |||
| Yes | 277 | 22.9 | 2.19 (1.83–2.62) | 2.13 (1.72–2.62) | <0.0001 |
| Ovulation disorder* | |||||
| No | 738 | 30.1 | 1 | 1 | – |
| Yes | 342 | 36.5 | 1.33 (1.14–1.56) | 1.23 (1.04–1.45) | 0.01 |
| Missing data | 130 | 28.4 | 0.92 (0.74–1.14) | 1.10 (0.82–1.48) | 0.52 |
| Uterine disease | |||||
| No | 1108 | 30.9 | 1 | 1 | |
| Yes | 102 | 39.1 | 1.43 (1.11–1.86) | 1.20 (0.91–1.57) | 0.19 |
| Endometriosis | |||||
| No | 1069 | 30.9 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 141 | 36.8 | 1.30 (1.05–1.62) | 1.24 (0.99–1.56) | 0.07 |
| Length of embryo storage | |||||
| <3 months | 272 | 27.4 | 1 | 1 | – |
| 3–6 months | 368 | 32.5 | 1.27 (1.05–1.53) | 1.20 (0.99–1.45) | 0.06 |
| 6–12 months | 240 | 34.2 | 1.37 (1.14–1.69) | 1.29 (1.04–1.60) | 0.02 |
| >12 months | 326 | 32.4 | 1.26 (1.04–1.53) | 1.24 (1.01–1.51) | 0.04 |
| Missing data | 4 | 36.4 | 1.51 (0.44–5.20) | 1.22 (0.34–4.32) | 0.76 |
| Embryo stage | |||||
| Day 2 | 164 | 35.3 | 1 | 1 | – |
| Day 3 | 499 | 30.4 | 0.80 (0.64–0.99) | 0.83 (0.66–1.05) | 0.11 |
| Blastocyst | 543 | 31.5 | 1.00 (0.87–1.15) | 0.88 (0.70–1.11) | 0.28 |
| Zygote | 4 | 28.6 | 0.73 (0.23–2.37) | 0.71 (0.21–2.37) | 0.57 |
*
Ovulation disorders include central anovulation, polycystic ovary syndrome, and primary ovarian insufficiency.