Table 3.

Linear mixed effects model predicting target child’s vocalizations to peers at observation t+1.

	Fixed effects				Random effects		Chi-square test of model fit
Parameter	B	SE	t	95% CI	Variance	SD	X 2	df	P
Peer vocalizations to target at observation t	.22	.06	3.93	.11, 33	___	___	14.60	1	.0001
Target vocalizations to peer at observation t	.32	.06	5.49	.20, .43	___	___	29.37	1	<.00001
Target hearing status	3.75	3.29	1.14	−2.83, 10.27	___	___	1.17	1	.280
Peer hearing status	.82	1.10	.74	−1.34, 2.96			.35	1	.554
Interaction between target and peer hearing status	.97	2.19	.44	−3.32, 5.26	___	___	.20	1	.66
Interaction between target hearing status and peer vocalizations	.07	.05	1.48	−.08, .16	___	___	2.21	1	.138
Subject intercept	___	___	___	___	55.24	7.43	187.41	1	<.00001
Cohort intercept	___	___	___	___	25.99	5.10	3.10	1	.078

Note. The peer vocalization to target effect indexes a positive effect on vocalizations to those peers while the target vocalization effect is an auto-regression control. Positive values for hearing status indicate a typical hearing advantage with respect to hearing loss.