TABLE 1.
Clinical characteristics of included subjects1
| Variable | Alive | Deceased | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| N | 360 | 112 | |
| Age | |||
| Mean (SD) | 65 (26) | 73 (19) | 0.003 |
| Range | 19–95 | 34–98 | |
| Sex | |||
| Female | 167 (46.4%) | 37 (33.0%) | 0.02 |
| Male | 193 (53.6%) | 75 (67.0%) | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | |||
| Mean (SD) | 27 (9) | 26 (8) | >0.999 |
| Underweight | 25 (6.9%) | 12 (10.7%) | 0.627 |
| Normal | 97 (26.9%) | 30 (26.7%) | |
| Overweight | 74 (20.6%) | 22 (19.6%) | |
| Obese | 110 (30.6%) | 33 (29.5%) | |
| Not recorded | 54 (15%) | 15 (13.4%) | |
| Ethnicity | |||
| Black and minority | 41 (11.3%) | 12 (10.7%) | >0.999 |
| White | 302 (83.9%) | 94 (83.9%) | |
| Not recorded | 17 (4.7%) | 6 (5.3%) | |
| DM | |||
| No | 270 (75.0%) | 77 (69.8%) | 0.22 |
| Yes | 90 (25.0%) | 35 (30.2%) | |
| Hypertension | |||
| No | 203 (56.4%) | 55.(49.1%) | 0.19 |
| Yes | 156 (43.6%) | 57 (50.9%) | |
| Not recorded | 1 (0.2%) | — | |
| CKD | |||
| No | 301 (83.8%) | 77 (68.8%) | 0.06 |
| Yes | 58 (16.2%) | 25 (31.2%) | |
| Not recorded | 1 (0.2%) | — | |
| IHD | |||
| No | 294 (81.9%) | 88 (78.6%) | 0.49 |
| Yes | 65 (18.1%) | 24 (21.4%) | |
| Not recorded | 1 (0.2%) | — | |
| Smoking status | |||
| Non-/ex-smoker | 311 (86.4%) | 99 (88.4%) | 0.113 |
| Current smoker | 39 (10.8%) | 5 (4.5%) | |
| Not recorded | 10 (2.8%) | 8 (7.1%) | |
| Respiratory | |||
| No | 256 (71.1%) | 83 (74.1%) | 0.576 |
| Yes | 104 (28.9%) | 29 (25.9%) | |
| Neurological | |||
| No | 291 (81.1%) | 76 (67.9%) | 0.003 |
| Yes | 68 (18.9%) | 36 (32.1%) | |
| Not recorded | 1 (0.2%) | — | |
| Liver disease | |||
| No | 339 (94.4%) | 103 (92.0%) | >0.999 |
| Yes | 20 (5.6%) | 9 (8.0%) | |
| Not recorded | 1 (0.2%) | — | |
| Active malignancy | |||
| No | 330 (91.9%) | 102 (91.1%) | 0.84 |
| Yes | 29 (8.1%) | 10 (8.9%) | |
| Not recorded | 1 (0.2%) | — | |
1
A univariate analysis was performed to compare variables across alive and deceased categories using a chi-squared test for categorical variables and a Mann-Whitney U test for continuous variables. Categorical data are represented as counts and percentages. CKD, chronic kidney disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; IHD, ischemic heart disease.