. 2022 Feb 5:taab195. doi: 10.1093/jtm/taab195

Table 1.

Association between melatonin use and risk of death in adult patients hospitalized for COVID-19 (N = 58 562)

	Number of events/Number of patients	Crude logistic regression	Multivariable logistic regression analysis^a	Multivariable logistic regression analysis^b
	N/N (%)	OR (95%CI; P-value)	AOR (95% CI; P-value)	AOR (95% CI; P-value)
No use of melatonin	6487/58 290 (11.1%)	Ref.	Ref.	Ref.
Melatonin use at baseline	82/272 (30.1%)	3.45 (2.66–4.47; < 0.001^*)	1.26 (0.96–1.66; 0.100)	0.81 (0.61–1.08; 0.149)

^aAdjusted for age and sex [df = 4; all GVIF^{(1/(2^*df)} < 1.1].

^bAdjusted for age, sex, hospital, hospitalization period, obesity, any sleep, anxiety, depression or dementia disorders, number of comorbid medical conditions, severe COVID-19 and medication according to compassionate use or as part of a clinical trial [df = 15; all GVIF^{(1/(2^*df)} < 1.3].

^*Two-sided P-value is significant (P < 0.05).

df, degrees of freedom; GVIF, generalized variance inflation factor.